Optical framed knots as information carriers

Larocque, Hugo; D’Errico, Alessio; Ferrer-Garcia, Manuel F.; Carmi, Avishy; Cohen, Eliahu; Karimi, Ebrahim

doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18792-z

Cited by 50 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In optical communication, their spatial modes serve as an 4 additional degree of freedom to increase the capacity of information [24,25], and more recently, they have been suggested for encoding information [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured light excitation of toroidal dipoles in dielectric nanodisks

et al. 2021

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Conventional electromagnetic multipoles can be completed by complementary sources of toroidal moments, opening the door to the engineering of a unique nanophotonic device group. The main contribution of this study is 3 comparing different light sources for enhancing the toroidal dipole response in a given system. We theoretically study the toroidal dipole excitation in an individual dielectric nanodisk by structured light illumination, including the tightly focused radially polarized beam and the focused doughnut pulse. The toroidal dipole and anapole can be excited by the interplay of the radial and longitudinal components of the incident light. As opposed to the plane wave illumination, the tightly focused radially polarized light can excite a near-ideal toroidal dipole while the contributions of the Cartesian electric dipole and other modes are significantly suppressed. We also show that the focused doughnut pulse is a promising tool for exciting a resonant toroidal response in nanophotonic systems. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that toroidal-driven field confinement leads to an enhancement of energy concentration inside the nanodisk that can potentially increase light harvesting and boost both linear and nonlinear light-matter interactions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured light excitation of toroidal dipoles in dielectric nanodisks

et al. 2021

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“…For example, the vortex beam with twisted phase, akin to a Mobius strips in phase domain, can carry orbital angular momentum with tunable topological charges enabling advanced applications of optical tweezers, machining, and communications [9][10][11][12] . The complex electromagnetic topological strips, knots, and caustic structures were also proposed as novel information carriers [13][14][15][16] . Recently, skyrmions, as topologically protected quasiparticles in high-energy physics and magnetic materials 17 , were also studied in optical electromagnetic fields.…”

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confidence: 99%

Supertoroidal light pulses as electromagnetic skyrmions propagating in free space

et al. 2021

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Topological complex transient electromagnetic fields give access to nontrivial light-matter interactions and provide additional degrees of freedom for information transfer. An important example of such electromagnetic excitations are space-time non-separable single-cycle pulses of toroidal topology, the exact solutions of Maxwell’s equations described by Hellwarth and Nouchi in 1996 and recently observed experimentally. Here we introduce an extended family of electromagnetic excitation, the supertoroidal electromagnetic pulses, in which the Hellwarth-Nouchi pulse is just the simplest member. The supertoroidal pulses exhibit skyrmionic structure of the electromagnetic fields, multiple singularities in the Poynting vector maps and fractal-like distributions of energy backflow. They are of interest for transient light-matter interactions, ultrafast optics, spectroscopy, and toroidal electrodynamics.

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“…Recent progress in the light field structure engineering [50][51][52], has highlighted the degrees of freedom of a structured light field as powerful tools for information encoding. For example, the optical encryption protocols based on the phase structure modulation [53] and orbital angular momentum and polarization state mode division multiplexing [54][55][56][57][58][59][60] have been developed lately.…”

Section: Intorductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Coherence Encryption with Structured Random Light

Peng¹,

Huang²,

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Information encryption with optical technologies has become increasingly important due to remarkable multidimensional capabilities of light fields. However, the optical encryption protocols proposed to date have been primarily based on the first-order field characteristics, such as the optical field amplitude and phase as well as its polarization. As the said first-order characteristics of light fields are strongly affected by interference effects, the conventional encoding protocols become quite unstable during light propagation and interaction with the matter. Here, we introduce an alternative optical encryption protocol whereby the information is encoded into the spatial coherence distribution of a structured random light beam via a generalized van Cittert--Zernike theorem. We show that the proposed approach has two key advantages over its conventional counterparts. First, the complexity of measuring the spatial coherence distribution of light enhances the encryption protocol security. Second, the relative insensitivity of the second-order statistical characteristics of light to environmental noise makes the protocol robust against the environmental fluctuations, e.g, the atmospheric turbulence. We carry out experiments to demonstrate the feasibility of the coherence-based encryption method with the aid of a fractional Fourier transform. Our results open up a promising avenue for further research into optical encryption in complex environments.

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Optical framed knots as information carriers

Cited by 50 publications

References 44 publications

Structured light excitation of toroidal dipoles in dielectric nanodisks

Structured light excitation of toroidal dipoles in dielectric nanodisks

Supertoroidal light pulses as electromagnetic skyrmions propagating in free space

Optical Coherence Encryption with Structured Random Light

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