Optical frequency-domain chromatic dispersion measurement method for higher-order modes in an optical fiber

Ahn, Tae-Jung; Jung, Yongju; Oh, Kyunghwan; Kim, Dug Young

doi:10.1364/opex.13.010040

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, it is commonly admitted that this method is not necessarily the best choice when measuring phase features. 19 Alternatively, a di↵erent technique consists in sampling with a standard time-domain sampler the output of both interferometers and subsequently performing a numerical resampling at constant frequency spacing of the measurement interferogram, based on the time dependent sweep rate (t) measured from the auxiliary interferometer fringe pattern. 20 Compared to the first method, such approach o↵ers a better control of phase information, at the expense of an oversampling of the interferograms and a heavier digital signal processing of the acquired data and it is preferred for our purposes.…”

Section: Spatial Light Modulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral and temporal phase measurement by optical frequency-domain reflectometry

et al. 2014

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The capability of measuring the spectral and temporal phase of an optical signal is of fundamental importance for the advanced characterization of photonic and optoelectronic components, biochemical sensors, structural monitoring sensors and distributed sensor networks. To address this problem, several techniques have been developed (frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG), spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER), stepped-heterodyne technique, laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) and Doppler optical coherence tomography (OCT)). However, such techniques often lack of versatility for the mentioned applications. Swept-wavelength interferometric techniques and, among these, optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) are flexible and highly sensitive tools for complete characterization of amplitude and phase of target devices.In this work, we investigate the spectral and temporal phase measurement capabilities of OFDR. Precise characterization of spectral phase information is demonstrated by retrieving the phase response of a commercial optical filter, the Finisar Waveshaper 1000 S/X, programmable in attenuation and phase over C+L band (1530-1625 nm). The presented results show accurate retrieval of group delay dispersion (GDD) and discrete phase shift as well as filter attenuation profile. Although some intrinsic accuracy limitations of OFDR phase measurements may be encountered (and herein specified), we show that information encoded in OFDR reflectogram data is very rich when adequately exploited. In addition to previously published results, we demonstrate the high sensitivity of the technique to Doppler e↵ects. From practical point of view, such sensitivity can be beneficially exploited for the characterisation of dynamical aspects of samples under test. Unlike LDV, OFDR allows the simultaneous retrieval of the temporal position of several localised reflecting target along the beam path. All these aspects make OFDR a highly promising candidate for the study of both static and dynamic aspects of complex photonic components or to probe a parallel sensor network, as needed for future applications.

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Section: Spatial Light Modulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral and temporal phase measurement by optical frequency-domain reflectometry

et al. 2014

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“…However, it is commonly admitted that this method is not necessarily the best choice when measuring phase features. 19 Alternatively, a different technique consists in sampling with a standard time-domain sampler the output of both interferometers and subsequently performing a numerical resampling at constant frequency spacing of the measurement interferogram, based on the time dependent sweep rate γ(t) measured from the auxiliary interferometer fringe pattern. 20 Compared to the first method, such approach offers a better control of phase information, at the expense of an oversampling of the interferograms and a heavier digital signal processing of the acquired data and it is preferred for our purposes.…”

Section: Nonlinear Frequency Sweep Of the Tunable Laser Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral and temporal phase measurement by optical frequency-domain reflectometry

Calò¹,

Robillart²,

Gottesman³

et al. 2014

26th International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials (IPRM)

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The capability of measuring the spectral and temporal phase of an optical signal is of fundamental importance for the advanced characterization of photonic and optoelectronic components, biochemical sensors, structural monitoring sensors and distributed sensor networks. To address this problem, several techniques have been developed (frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG), spectral phase interferometry for direct electric-field reconstruction (SPIDER), stepped-heterodyne technique, laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) and Doppler optical coherence tomography (OCT)). However, such techniques often lack of versatility for the mentioned applications. Swept-wavelength interferometric techniques and, among these, optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) are flexible and highly sensitive tools for complete characterization of amplitude and phase of target devices. In this work, we investigate the spectral and temporal phase measurement capabilities of OFDR. Precise characterization of spectral phase information is demonstrated by retrieving the phase response of a commercial optical filter, the Finisar Waveshaper 1000 S/X, programmable in attenuation and phase over C+L band (1530-1625 nm). The presented results show accurate retrieval of group delay dispersion (GDD) and discrete phase shift as well as filter attenuation profile. Although some intrinsic accuracy limitations of OFDR phase measurements may be encountered (and herein specified), we show that information encoded in OFDR reflectogram data is very rich when adequately exploited. In addition to previously published results, we demonstrate the high sensitivity of the technique to Doppler effects. From practical point of view, such sensitivity can be beneficially exploited for the characterisation of dynamical aspects of samples under test. Unlike LDV, OFDR allows the simultaneous retrieval of the temporal position of several localised reflecting target along the beam path. All these aspects make OFDR a highly promising candidate for the study of both static and dynamic aspects of complex photonic components or to probe a parallel sensor network, as needed for future applications.

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“…One of the most significant properties of HOMFs is several higher-order core-guided modes are deliberately introduced which exhibit strong chromatic dispersion, thus characterization of HOMFs is vital to greatly facilitate the design of complex fiber geometry and enhance performance of HOMF-based devices. Various dispersion measurement techniques for HOMFs have been developed, including the white-light interferometric technique [19], optical frequency modulated continuous-wave interferometry [20], phasesensitive optical low coherence reflectometry [21], and time-of-flight method [22]. In this paper, a HOMF-based fiber modal interferometer supporting three dominant modes is achieved with distinct chromatic dispersion of each guided mode and intermodal dispersion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion effects of high-order-mode fiber on temperature and axial strain discrimination

Song

et al. 2015

Photonic Sens

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Abstract:A new approach utilizing effects of dispersion in the high-order-mode fibers (HOMFs) to effectively discriminate changes in environmental temperature and axial strain is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Experimental characterization of a HOMF-based fiber modal interferometer with a sandwich fiber structure exhibits excellent agreements with numerical simulation results. A Fourier transform method of interferometry in the spatial frequency domain is adopted to distinguish mode coupling between different core-guided modes. Distinct phase sensitivities of multiple dispersion peaks are extracted by employing a novel phase demodulation scheme to realize dual-parameter sensing.

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Optical frequency-domain chromatic dispersion measurement method for higher-order modes in an optical fiber

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Spectral and temporal phase measurement by optical frequency-domain reflectometry

Spectral and temporal phase measurement by optical frequency-domain reflectometry

Spectral and temporal phase measurement by optical frequency-domain reflectometry

Dispersion effects of high-order-mode fiber on temperature and axial strain discrimination

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