We report resonant inelastic x-ray measurements of insulating La2CuO4 and Sr2CuO2Cl2 taken with the incident energy tuned near the Cu K absorption edge. We show that the spectra are well described in a shakeup picture in 3rd order perturbation theory which exhibits both incoming and outgoing resonances, and demonstrate how to extract a spectral function from the raw data. We conclude by showing q-dependent measurements of the charge transfer gap.PACS numbers: 78.70. Ck, 74.25.Jb Inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) has shown promise as a practical probe of electronic excitations in condensed matter because of its broad kinematic range and direct coupling to the electron charge. However, since x-rays are strongly absorbed in high density materials, successful applications of the technique have been limited to low-Z systems [1,2,3,4,5].Several recent studies [6,7,8,9], have shown that by that by tuning the incident energy near an x-ray absorption edge a Raman effect could be measured, despite the high absorption, because of the resonant enhancement. These studies have emphasized the role of coulomb interactions in the scattering process. Since it involves coupling between highly excited virtual states and strongly correlated valence states, it is important to characterize the resonance process well for the technique to be useful.With emphasis on systematics, we have measured resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at moderate resolution (∆E=0.9 eV) near the CuK absorption edge in the high-T c parent insulator La 2 CuO 4 (LCO) as a function of incident photon energy. Based on the changes of inelastic intensity and peak position with incident energy we show that the scattering is well described in a "shakeup" picture in 3rd order perturbation threoy [10]. We also present higher resolution measurements (∆E=0.45 eV) on another insulator, Sr 2 CuO 2 Cl 2 (SCOC), as a function of momentum transfer, q, which show some new features, such as the 2 eV optical charge transfer gap.Experiments were carried out at the X21 wiggler line at the National Synchrotron Light Source and the 3ID (SRI-CAT) undulator line at the Advanced Photon Source. At X21 the energy resolution was 0.45 eV and typical count rates were 0.4 Hz. At 3ID with 0.9 eV resolution 9 Hz was typical. The scattered light was collected with a spherical, diced, Ge(733) analyzer and imaged onto a detector. Energy analysis was done by rotating the analyzer and translating the detector in coincidence. The momentum transfer was varied by rotating the entire apparatus around the scattering center (exact experimental geometries are indicated in the figure captions). −1 parallel toĉ. The upper frame shows the raw spectra plotted against transferred energy (curves are offset for clarity). In the lower frame the open and filled circles are the inelastic peak height and position, respectively, plotted against incident energy. The black line is the fluorescence yield which peaks at the Cu1s → 4p energy.The LCO and SCOC crystals were grown by techniques described previously [11,12]....