Optical Spectroscopy for Analysis and Monitoring of Metalworking Fluids

Kiefer, Johannes; Seidel, B.R.; Meyer, Daniel

doi:10.1177/0003702818789700

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In terms of industrial manufacturing and application, laser and optical technologies have always been the key technologies of metalworking (e.g. B23K) and material analysis (G01N; Kiefer et al, 2018;Yilbas et al, 2017). As for semiconductor lasers, they are more commonly used in optical fiber communications and optical storage (Gong et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development trend and academic patent technology network of laser and optical technologies

Chang

2021

IJIS

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Purpose The application of laser and optical technologies in the industry is wide and extensive; the development and application of laser and optical technologies have become a promising research domain. However, most existing studies have focused on the technical aspects or the application aspects; these studies have not highlighted the technology distribution and application development of laser and optical technologies from the big picture. Additionally, the manner in which the research and development (R&D) results of universities correspond to the needs of enterprises and industry has become a topic of concern for the public. Therefore, this study aims to adopt the academic patents as the basis for analysis and to construct a laser and optical technology network. Design/methodology/approach Therefore, in the current study, the researchers have analyzed relevant academic patent technology networks, using academic patents of laser and optical technologies as a basis of analysis. Findings The study results indicated that the key technologies mainly lie in nanostructures, metal-working, material analysis and semiconductor devices. Additionally, these technologies are mainly applied in industries, such as optics, medical technology, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology and organic fine chemistry; this indicated that a large proportion of academia’s R&D outcomes are applied in these industries. Originality/value In this study, the researchers have constructed a technology network model to explore the technical development direction of laser and optical technologies; the results of the current study could serve as a reference for universities and industry for allocation of R&D resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development trend and academic patent technology network of laser and optical technologies

Chang

2021

IJIS

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“…In order to test whether the fused spectra are suitable for quantitative-analysis purposes, two preliminary assessments were carried out. First, the applicability of univariate data analysis is examined using a straightforward method that was originally developed to screen FTIR spectra of complex solutions , and recently extended to Raman spectra . In brief, for each channel (i.e., pixel) of the spectrum, the Raman intensity is plotted against the concentration.…”

Section: Proof Of Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Wavelength Raman Fusion Spectroscopy

Kiefer

2019

Anal. Chem.

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Spatially compressed dual-wavelength Raman spectroscopy allows recording the full Raman spectrum using a detection system with limited spectral range. The common approach is to record the spectra with the two excitation lasers consecutively and then concatenate the full spectrum. However, with this approach, quantitative analysis for process monitoring is not possible as the investigated object may change between the two acquisitions. In this Note, spectral fusion is proposed as a concept to overcome this problem. The sample is illuminated by the two lasers simultaneously, hence leading to an on-chip fusion of the different parts of the Raman spectrum. It is shown that the resulting data are suitable for quantitative evaluation using univariate and multivariate methods. Dual-wavelength Raman fusion spectroscopy offers new opportunities for building highly compact devices for analytical chemistry.

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“…Commonly, the concentration is determined refractometrically [6,7] or by titration [8]. While refractometric measurements are susceptible to the effect of tramp oil, titrations require qualified laboratory personnel, sampling and preparation, and are time consuming [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, strongly light-scattering materials such as emulsions pose experimental problems, since the scattered light interferes with the absorbance signals exploited in transmission spectroscopy [24]. Previous applications of optical spectroscopy for the characterization of MWFs were limited to either the prediction of the concentration [9,25] or the determination of the size of the dispersed droplets [11,26]. MWF concentration is determined and predicted using fluorescence, Raman and infrared spectroscopy-based multivariate calibration models [9] or using a univariate approach applying UV-VIS spectroscopy [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Droplet Size, pH Value and Concentration to Evaluate the Aging Behavior of Metalworking Fluids

Wahrendorff

Stefanakis

Steinbach

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are widely used to cool and lubricate metal workpieces during processing to reduce heat and friction. Extending a MWF’s service life is of importance from both economical and ecological points of view. Knowledge about the effects of processing conditions on the aging behavior and reliable analytical procedures are required to properly characterize the aging phenomena. While so far no quantitative estimations of ageing effects on MWFs have been described in the literature other than univariate ones based on single parameter measurements, in the present study we present a simple spectroscopy-based set-up for the simultaneous monitoring of three quality parameters of MWF and a mathematical model relating them to the most influential process factors relevant during use. For this purpose, the effects of MWF concentration, pH and nitrite concentration on the droplet size during aging were investigated by means of a response surface modelling approach. Systematically varied model MWF fluids were characterized using simultaneous measurements of absorption coefficients µa and effective scattering coefficients µ’s. Droplet size was determined via dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Droplet size showed non-linear dependence on MWF concentration and pH, but the nitrite concentration had no significant effect. pH and MWF concentration showed a strong synergistic effect, which indicates that MWF aging is a rather complex process. The observed effects were similar for the DLS and the µ’s values, which shows the comparability of the methodologies. The correlations of the methods were R2c = 0.928 and R2P = 0.927, as calculated by a partial least squares regression (PLS-R) model. Furthermore, using µa, it was possible to generate a predictive PLS-R model for MWF concentration (R2c = 0.890, R2P = 0.924). Simultaneous determination of the pH based on the µ’s is possible with good accuracy (R²c = 0.803, R²P = 0.732). With prior knowledge of the MWF concentration using the µa-PLS-R model, the predictive capability of the µ’s-PLS-R model for pH was refined (10 wt%: R²c = 0.998, R²p = 0.997). This highlights the relevance of the combined measurement of µa and µ’s. Recognizing the synergistic nature of the effects of MWF concentration and pH on the droplet size is an important prerequisite for extending the service life of an MWF in the metalworking industry. The presented method can be applied as an in-process analytical tool that allows one to compensate for ageing effects during use of the MWF by taking appropriate corrective measures, such as pH correction or adjustment of concentration.

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Optical Spectroscopy for Analysis and Monitoring of Metalworking Fluids

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

The development trend and academic patent technology network of laser and optical technologies

The development trend and academic patent technology network of laser and optical technologies

Dual-Wavelength Raman Fusion Spectroscopy

Simultaneous Determination of Droplet Size, pH Value and Concentration to Evaluate the Aging Behavior of Metalworking Fluids

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