Optical Techniques: Investigations in Oral Cancers

Kumar, Piyush; Krishna, C. Murali

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-61255-3_8

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Optical techniques like autofluorescence through the use of VELscope like devices have gained popularity in oral cancer screening as they offer a rapid and noninvasive option for biopsy. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Velscope guided oral cancer screening

Vibhute

Jagtap

Patil

2021

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

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Context: Early oral cancer diagnosis is an important factor in reducing cancer-associated mortality and morbidity. Traditional oral cancer screening by Conventional Oral Examination (COE) is limited. A new approach in this regard is the use of “optical biopsy systems” like VELscope. Aims: Hence, this study aimed to determine the diagnostic value of VELscope, an autofluorescence-based handheld device in detection of dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in general oral potentially malignant disorder. Settings and Design: A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in western Maharashtra, India. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with presence of clinically suspicious oral lesions were included, and for each lesion, both the COE and Autofluorescence Examination by VELscope were carried out at the same appointment by different experts. All lesions were biopsied and histopathological findings were documented and analyzed. Statistical Analysis Used: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were estimated to determine the accuracy of VELscope examination analysis outcome. Results: The study included a total of 30 subjects including 19 (63.33%) males and 11 (26.66%) females. Autofluorescence examination by VELscope (AFV) revealed Autofluorescence Loss in 24 (80%) patients, while 6 (20%) patients showed Autofluorescence Retained. Comparison between the “high-risk lesions” (moderate/severe dysplasia and OSCC) and “low-risk lesions” (no/mild dysplasia) showed a 90.47% sensitivity but only 44.44% specificity. Conclusions: The findings of our study indicate that although AFV cannot be a substitute for COE, it can be used as a potential complementary diagnostic aid in surveillance of the high-risk patient population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is significant as the biochemical changes often precede visible morphological alterations making these techniques as potential screening/diagnostic tools for early cancer detection. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velscope guided oral cancer screening

Vibhute

Jagtap

Patil

2021

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology

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“…Because of the large number of patients, fast and dependable screening methods, such as multimodal non-invasive optical technologies are required. Conventional diagnostic techniques are time-consuming and require costly procedures and instruments and need highly skilled personnel to interpret these results [3]. Further, bulky, expensive, and sophisticated microscopes are required for the analysis of these samples and only big hospitals can afford this.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-cost multimodal micro-endoscopic system for oral cancer screening in low resource setting

Thapa

Bhatt²,

Mann³

et al. 2023

Optics and Biophotonics in Low-Resource Settings IX

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Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most fatal cancer and has poor survival rate among all cancers. Regular screening of patients can reduce fatality rate of OSCC. Usually, oral cancer screening is accomplished by visual examinations and conventional endoscopes. These regular conventional endoscopes are not able to provide microstructure of altered OSCC tissue so use of micro-endoscopes are favorable for cancer screening, since it can give morphology of altered OSCC tissue. Similarly, the fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy of OSCC tissue can probe the molecular levels of tissue giving information about the progression of oral cancer as it is biophysical and biochemical sensitive. The motivation behind this study is to analyze OSCC by simultaneous micro-endoscopy and spectroscopy with the help of in-house-fabricated low-cost micro-endoscopic system. Simultaneous FL imaging with spectroscopy can provide the morphological changes in altered tissue and record the corresponding intensity counts, wavelength shift and area under the curve (AUC) of the sample. These spectroscopic parameters are directly linked with molecular transitions within the tissue and can be used in real-time cancer screening. FL micro-endoscopic images gives information about fluorescence contrast distribution within the tissue and differ in mean intensity, skewness, kurtosis and energy for OSCC and normal tissue. Present study included 10 OSCC patients and 8 control patients. The value of mean intensity, skewness, kurtosis, energy, peak wavelength, AUC and max counts for OSCC is 163.3±30, -0.567±0.33, 7.82±5.2, ~4.24×105 , 533.28±1.73, ~4.5×106 , ~4.05×104 , respectively and for normal tissue is 63.5±22.4, 0.148±0.05, 4.89±3.89, ~1.65×105 , 528.89±0.81, ~3.3×106 , ~4.63×103 , respectively. The observations from the present study are in-line with screening requirements of OSCC in regular basis screening and suitable for low-resource setting area.

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“…Conventional histopathology is a very timeconsuming process, and even for initial screening, a biopsy is mainly followed by histopathology. Further, it is an invasive technique and amenable to subjective errors and requires experienced pathologists for diagnosis [5]. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement for non-invasive, noncontact, fast, and accurate techniques that can perform early diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AF originates from naturally occurring endogenous fluorophores and proteins such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), Flavin di-nucleotide (FAD), collagen, porphyrins, etc., which are the leading cancer biomarkers present in the human body [22][23][24]. In contrast, all the other techniques are not specific and, therefore, insufficient to describe the chemical compositions and formation of any proteins in a cancerous environment (which is a significant cancer biomarker [5]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal fluorescence imaging and spectroscopic techniques for oral cancer screening: a real-time approach

Thapa,

Singh,

Bhatt

et al. 2023

Methods Appl. Fluoresc.

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The survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients is very poor, but it can be improved using highly sensitive, specific, and accurate techniques. Autofluorescence and fluorescence techniques are very sensitive and helpful in cancer screening; being directly linked with the molecular levels of human tissue, they can be used as a quantitative tool for cancer detection. Here, we report the development of multi-modal autofluorescence and fluorescence imaging and spectroscopic (MAF-IS) smartphone-based systems for fast and real-time oral cancer screening. MAF-IS system is indigenously developed and offers the advantages of being a low-cost, handy, non-contact, non-invasive, and easily operable device that can be employed in hospitals, including low-resource settings. In this study, we report the results of 43 individuals with 28 OSCC and 15 oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), i.e., epithelial dysplasia and oral submucous fibrosis, using the developed devices. We observed a red shift in fluorescence emission spectra in vivo. We found red-shift of 7.72 ± 6 nm, 3 ± 4.36 nm, and 1.33 ± 0.47 nm in the case of OSCC, epithelial dysplasia, and oral submucous fibrosis, respectively, compared to normal. The results were compared with histopathology and found to be consistent. Further, the MAF-IS system provides results in real-time with higher accuracy and sensitivity compared to devices using a single modality. Our system can achieve an accuracy of 97% with sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 94.7%, respectively, even with a smaller number of patients (28 patients of OSCC). The proposed MAF-IS device has great potential for fast screening and diagnosis of oral cancer in the future.

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Optical Techniques: Investigations in Oral Cancers

Cited by 7 publications

References 140 publications

Velscope guided oral cancer screening

Velscope guided oral cancer screening

Low-cost multimodal micro-endoscopic system for oral cancer screening in low resource setting

Multimodal fluorescence imaging and spectroscopic techniques for oral cancer screening: a real-time approach

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