Optically-assessed preformed flavonoids and susceptibility of grapevine to Plasmopara viticola under different light regimes

Agati, Giovanni; Cerović, Zoran G.; Marta, Anna Dalla; Stefano, V. Di; Pinelli, Patrizia; Traversi, Maria Laura; Orlandini, Simone

doi:10.1071/fp07178

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The plants were settled outdoors next to the greenhouse in a place that was never in the shade in Colmar (latitude 48°05N, longitude 07°20E) in August 2010 for 15 d. This outdoor regimen guaranteed that the plants which were initially grown in the greenhouse protected from biotic or abiotic stresses had a flavonol content equivalent to vineyard leaves at the moment of inoculation (Kolb et al ., 2001). As the constitutive flavonol have been shown to participate in the resistance of grapevine leaves to P. viticola (Agati et al ., 2008), the outdoor treatment was fundamental for the results to be applicable to vineyard-grown leaves. Plasmopara viticola was obtained from naturally infected plants in Colmar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical detection of downy mildew in grapevine leaves: daily kinetics of autofluorescence upon infection

Bellow

Latouche

Brown

et al. 2012

EXBOTJ

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A 15-day survey of autofluorescence has been conducted upon infection by downy mildew [Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl. & de Toni] of leaves of a susceptible grapevine genotype. Different autofluorescence signals were followed from the cellular to the whole-leaf level by using four types of devices for fluorosensing: a macroscope, a spectrofluorimeter, a portable field optical sensor (the Multiplex 3), and a field fluorescence sensor prototype with 335nm excitation. It was shown for the first time, by the three different techniques and at three different scales, that the stilbene-dependent violet–blue autofluorescence (VBF) had a transitory behaviour, increasing to a maximum 6 days post-inoculation (DPI) and then decreasing to a constant lower level, nevertheless significantly higher than in the control leaf. This behaviour could be sensed from both sides of the leaf. On the abaxial side, VBF could discriminate the presence of infection from 1 DPI, and on the adaxial side from 3 DPI. There was a constant increase in blue-excited green fluorescence starting from 8 DPI, concomitant with a decrease in leaf chlorophyll content sensed by one reflectance and two fluorescence indices available on the Multiplex 3 sensor. These results show that a pre-symptomatic and symptomatic sensing of downy mildew is possible by autofluorescence-based sensors, and this is potentially applicable in the field.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical detection of downy mildew in grapevine leaves: daily kinetics of autofluorescence upon infection

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Latouche

Brown

et al. 2012

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“…For the highly resistant individual 03‐04‐034, the accumulation of the tested polyphenols appeared significantly sooner in response to inoculation with pear scab fungus than for the susceptible individual 03‐19‐136. The rapid production of polyphenols after exposure to fungal pathogens has been previously found in resistant cultivars or genotypes of other plants species including grape and sorghum (Chandrashiekar and Satynarayana 2006; Agati et al. 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Selection and Evaluation of Interspecific Hybrids of Pear Highly Resistant to Venturia nashicola

Zhang

Yue

et al. 2012

Journal of Phytopathology

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Pear scab (Venturia nashicola Tanaka et Yamamoto or Venturia pirina Aderhold) is one of the most important diseases of pears. Two hybrids, 03‐04‐034 and 03‐08‐080, highly resistant to pear scab were selected from interspecific reciprocal crosses of Pyrus × bretschneideri cv. Yali and Pyrus × ussuriensis cv. Jingbaili. The content of salicylic acid (SA) and polyphenols in the leaves of 03‐04‐034 and a highly susceptible hybrid individual were tested by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The two scab‐resistant individuals 03‐04‐034 and 03‐08‐080 were backcrossed with both of their parents, and the progenies were used for inheritance analysis of the resistance trait. The results indicated that diseased and non‐diseased progenies segregated qualitatively and that diseased was dominant over non‐diseased. The ratio of diseased/non‐diseased progenies in all of the backcross populations was not significantly different from 1 : 15 indicating the segregation of four major gene loci was involved in the variation of resistance in these hybrid populations. When susceptible subpopulations from the two crosses were assessed for the severity of infection as measured by the ratio of lesion area to total leaf area, resistance was identified as a quantitative trait. Endogenous SA content in the leaves was extensively induced as early as 3 h after inoculation of the highly resistant individual 03‐04‐034, but no significant change in leaf SA content was found in the highly susceptible individual 03‐19‐136. Polyphenolic compounds, such as phlorhizin, catechol, quercetin and rutin, began to accumulate in leaves of 03‐04‐034 several hours earlier than that 03‐19‐136. The lignin content increased 45 h after inoculation in the resistant individual 03‐04‐034, but not in the susceptible individual 03‐19‐136. These observations indicated that the genetic resistance to pear scab of this interspecific population was correlated to SA induction, earlier polyphenol accumulation and the subsequent lignification of leaf tissue.

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“…The HPLC analysis of leaf polyphenols revealed the presence of the following compounds: quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, and the tartaric esters of caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic acid (caftaric, coutaric and fertaric acids) (Agati et al, 2008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EPhen content of single leaves was defined as the sum of the AD and AB values, and these were the mean of the two measurements taken from each side. For the calibration, thirty leaves (shaded and sun-exposed) with total Dualex units in the 1.1-3.3 range were collected on June 29, 2006, measured again (AD and AB) in the lab and then 4 disks (12 mm in diameter) per measured area were punched off and frozen in liquid N, for successive extraction and HPLC analysis (Agati et al, 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar radiation affects grapevine susceptibility to Plasmopara Viticola

Marta

Stefano

Cerović

et al. 2008

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Solar radiation plays an important role in the development of some fungal diseases due to its direct action on the microorganisms and also its indirect effect on the production of specific plant compounds. This experiment examined the effect of two light environments (100% and 35% of full strength) on the polyphenolic content of grapevine leaves and quantified their relation to resistance to downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). Leaf epidermal polyphenolic contents were non-destructively measured during the growing season 2006 using the Dualex chlorophyll fluorescence-based portable leaf-clip. The experimental design consisted of six parcels of 30 vines and measurements were performed on the 12 central vines. The leaves were inoculated with a sporangia suspension containing 50,000 sporangia of P. viticola per mL and the disease severity was assessed after the appearance of symptoms. Leaves maintained at 100% sun had high polyphenolic content and significantly lower disease severity compared to leaves under shading nets. These results indicate an inverse relationship between produced polyphenolics and downy mildew severity. Key words: Ultra-violet radiation, photosynthetic active radiation, polyphenolics, downy mildew, resistance RADIAÇÃO SOLAR E SUSCEPTIBILIDADE DA VIDEIRA À Plasmopara Viticola RESUMO: A radiação solar exerce papel importante no desenvolvimento de algumas doenças fúngicas, devido à sua ação direta sobre os microorganismos e também devido ao seu efeito indireto sobre a produção de compostos específicos nas plantas. Este experimento examinou o efeito de dois ambientes de luz (100% e 35% da intensidade máxima) sobre o conteúdo de polifenóis nas folhas da videira e quantificou sua relação com a resistência ao míldio (Plasmopara viticola). As concentrações de polifenóis na epiderme das folhas foram quantificadas de forma não destrutiva, durante a estação de crescimento de 2006, usando o equipamento portátil Dualex, baseado na fluorescência da clorofila. O delineamento experimental consistiu de seis parcelas de 30 videiras e as medidas foram feitas nas 12 plantas centrais. As folhas foram inoculadas com uma suspensão de esporângios com 50.000 esporos de P. viticola por mL e a intensidade da doença foi avaliada depois do aparecimento dos primeiros sintomas. As folhas das plantas mantidas à plena luz solar apresentaram alta concentração de polifenóis e severidade da doença significativamente menor do que as folhas das plantas mantidas sob a tela de sombreamento. Estes resultados indicam uma relação inversa entre os polifenóis produzidos pelas folhas da videira e a severidade do míldio. Palavras-chave: Radiação ultra-violeta, radiação fotossinteticamente ativa, polifenóis, míldio, resistência

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Optically-assessed preformed flavonoids and susceptibility of grapevine to Plasmopara viticola under different light regimes

Cited by 44 publications

References 40 publications

Optical detection of downy mildew in grapevine leaves: daily kinetics of autofluorescence upon infection

Optical detection of downy mildew in grapevine leaves: daily kinetics of autofluorescence upon infection

Selection and Evaluation of Interspecific Hybrids of Pear Highly Resistant to Venturia nashicola

Solar radiation affects grapevine susceptibility to Plasmopara Viticola

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