Optically Remote Control of Miniaturized 3D Reconfigurable CRLH Printed Self-Powered MIMO Antenna Array for 5G Applications

Abstract

A novel design of a reconfigurable MIMO antenna array of a 3D geometry-based solar cell integration that is operating at sub-6 GHz for self-power applications in a 5G modern wireless communication network. The proposed antenna array provides three main frequency bands around 3.6 GHz, 3.9 GHz, and 4.9 GHz, with excellent matching impedance of S11 ≤ −10 dB. The proposed MIMO array is constructed from four antenna elements arranged on a cubical structure to provide a low mutual coupling, below −20 dB, over all frequency bands of interest. Each antenna element is excited with a coplanar waveguide (CPW). The proposed radiation patterns are controlled with two optical switches of Light Dependent Resistors (LDRs). The proposed antenna array is fabricated and tested experimentally in terms of S-parameters, gain and radiation patterns. The maximum gain is found to be 3.6 dBi, 6.9 dBi, and 3.5 dBi at 3.6 GHz, 3.9 GHz, and 4.9 GHz, respectively. It is realized that the proposed array realizes a significant beam forming by splitting the antenna beam and changing the main lobe direction at 3.9 GHz after changing LDR switching statuses. Such an antenna array is found to be very applicable for femtocell wireless communication networks in the 5G systems.

Computer simulation, visualization, and synthesis of a digital antenna array used for transmitting and receiving signals in industrial applications

“…The work of [33] considers the issues of a printed reconfigurable asymmetric antenna based on new metamaterial structures for 5 G applications, [34] proposes a scheme of a metamaterial patch antenna with circular polarization for modern applications, and analysis of an innovative fractal asymmetric antenna is carried out in [35]. For MIMO state-of-the-art 5 G applications, [36] considers the optical remote control of a miniaturized self-powered 3D reconfigurable MIMO antenna array printed on CRLH for 5 G applications, [37] simulates a miniature reconfigurable MIMO antenna array with optical remote control, printed on a CRLH 3D printer for 5 G applications, and in [38], simulations of a miniature printed circuit of a Hilbert metamaterial grating based on a CRLH antenna were carried out.…”

Design of Compact Flexible UWB Antenna Using Different Substrate Materials for WBAN Applications

“…With the use of a fabric that has a lower dielectric constant and decreases losses associated with the antenna's surface wave, impedance and bandwidth of the antenna can be significantly improved [8]. Through simulations, various antenna structural parameters were found to be effective in achieving the directionality required for various wireless applications [9]. A new design of a smaller, highly directional antenna with an added reflector is presented [10].…”

Reconfigurable CRLH‐inspired antenna based on Hilbert curve EBG structure for modern wireless systems

“…Due to the distinctive characteristics of CRLH‐EBG structures, they have been used in several applications 5 . In the study by Al‐khaylani et al, 6 CRLH antenna‐based split‐ring resonator was introduced to achieve a gain of 5.33 and 5.25 dBi at 5.26 and 9.11 GHz, respectively. Another design was proposed by Ameen and Chaudhary 7 using a via‐free CRLH antenna based on the asymmetric coplanar stripline to operate around 5.7 GHz with a good gain.…”