As a key component in the drive axle assembly, the performance of the drive axle housing directly affects the driving safety and transportation efficiency of the car. The strength and stiffness of the drive axle housing are important factors affecting its load-bearing capacity. Especially under overloading, insufficient strength and stiffness of the drive axle housing can lead to faults such as oil leakage, cracking at the weld seam, and fracture at the shaft head. By researching and improving the drive axle housing, it can effectively improve the driving safety and transportation efficiency of automobiles, and meet market demand. This article takes the driving axle housing of a heavy truck as an example, establishes a three-dimensional finite element analysis model, and uses computer CAE technology to analyze its structural strength using the ANSYS working platform. The analysis results indicate that they are all smaller than the allowable values for the design of the drive axle housing matrix material, and the design meets the requirements. This analysis result has been applied to design, providing practical reference and guidance for enterprises to design, manufacture, inspect, and optimize their products.