Optimal dilutions of S-PRG filler eluate for experiments on human gingival fibroblasts <i>in vitro </i>

Abstract

The present study attempted to identify the optimal dilution at which at which the effects of surface reaction-type pre-reacted glassionomer (S-PRG) filler eluate on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) may be safely examined in vitro. S-PRG filler is a material that releases six ions and exerts strong caries-suppressing effects. We prepared S-PRG filler eluate in which S-PRG filler and α-MEM were mixed as a medium for HGF. This eluate contains six ions that are released from S-PRG filler. All cells died in proliferation experiments on HGF using S-PRG filler eluate, which demonstrated that unless S-PRG filler eluate was diluted, the ion concentration was strongly cytotoxic. S-PRG filler eluate diluted by 1/100 or more with the addition of 2% or more of FBS was safe for use. We herein successfully established the optimal dilution of S-PRG filler eluate at which HGF may be safely examined in vitro.

Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of surface-reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer filler containing root canal sealer in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages

“…1). This is consistent with the finding that undiluted S-PRG filler eluate caused cell death in human gingival fibroblasts, presumably through releasing BO 3 3− , Sr 2+ , and F − in high concentrations 28) . Moreover, S-PRG sealer contains polycarboxylic acid in the liquid component, which could have contributed to the slight cytotoxicity of this sealer 29) .…”

Effects of S-PRG filler eluate on MMP-1 and MMP-3 secretion by human gingival fibroblasts

“…B 61) , F 62) , Al 63) and Sr 64) are known to be a toxic agent when used in high concentrations. Similarly, we previously reported that the S-PRG filler eluate has cytotoxicity when used in culture media at high concentrations 65) . In this experiment, enhanced phosphorylation of p38 and ERK was observed in HGF cells stimulated with 1000-fold diluted S-PRG filler eluate.…”

Inhibitory effect of a gel paste containing surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler on the cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans

“…Some surfactants, including sodium lauryl sulfate, have been reported to cause inflammation of the skin or oral mucosa 39 , 40 . Cell culture experiments revealed that less than 0.01% sodium lauryl sulfate had a toxic effect on gingival fibroblasts 41 , while 1% S-PRG filler was not toxic to fibroblasts 42 . Therefore, surfactant-free toothpastes with antimicrobial effects from the S-PRG filler rather than from the surfactant should be developed in the future.…”