Optimal dosing of intravenous ketamine for procedural sedation in children in the ED—a randomized controlled trial

Kannikeswaran, Nirupama; Lieh-Lai, Mary; Malian, Monica; Wang, Bo; Farooqi, Ahmad; Roback, Mark G.

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2016.03.064

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Ketamine is the most commonly used agent for sedation in painful procedures due to its potent analgesic and amnesic effect, in addition to minimal circulatory or respiratory depression [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Efficacy of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Pediatric Oncology Patients

Aslam¹,

Haque²,

Jamil³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and Efficacy of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Pediatric Oncology Patients

Aslam¹,

Haque²,

Jamil³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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“…The collection of outcomes is not limited only to deep sedation or monitored anesthesia care, but also extends even to moderate depths of sedation. To date, all published outcome data has represented retrospective reviews of outcome data collected by specific groups of sedation providers, usually representing a single specialty, sedative agent, patient population (adults or children), and occasionally representing a group of varied specialists [2,6,22,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. The data has almost always represented either pediatrics or adult patients, never representing sedation in both populations across continents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results from the Adverse Event Sedation Reporting Tool: A Global Anthology of 7952 Records Derived from >160,000 Procedural Sedation Encounters

Mason

Roback

Chrisp

et al. 2019

JCM

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Background: The incidence of sedation-related adverse events, inclusive of both adults and children, administered by multiple specialty providers from different countries and venues, using standardized definitions, has never been reported on an international level. We are reporting the outcome data of the adverse event sedation reporting tool as an important step toward a more complete risk assessment of sedation-related morbidity, mortality, and etiology. The analysis of the AE sedation reporting data include descriptive measures to evaluate the characteristics of the provider, the patient, sedations performed, adverse events, interventions, and outcomes. The primary outcome was the rate and nature of adverse events. Between 12/14/2010 and 12/11/2018 there were 7952 sedations, from an estimated total of 164,114 sedations administered, of which 622 were reported as adverse events. The mean age of the entire patient population is 33.0 years (0.02-98.7). The providers represented 39 countries across six continents. Oxygen desaturation (75%-90%) for <60 s is the most prevalent adverse event with a rate of 7.8 per 10,000, followed by airway obstruction at a rate of 5.42 per 10,000. Apnea occurred at a rate of 4.75 per 10,000. Significant predictors of adverse events are ≥ ASA score III (p = 0.0003), procedure time (6:00 pm-12:00 am: p < 0.0001, 12:00-6:00 am: p = 0.0003), and non-hospital location (p < 0.0001). The AE sedation reporting tool has demonstrated that the majority of adverse events in children and adults who receive procedural sedation from multi-specialists internationally required minor interventions and had outcomes of minor risk.

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“…Despite the fact that optimisation-based methods are well-established in numerous scientific disciplines along with their demonstrated advantages over other approaches, to date, empirical approaches remain popular [81][82][83][84].…”

Section: Drug Administration For Fractional Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractional calculus in pharmacokinetics

Sopasakis

Sarimveis

Macheras

et al. 2017

J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn

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We are witnessing the birth of a new variety of pharmacokinetics where non-integer-order differential equations are employed to study the time course of drugs in the body: this is dubbed "fractional pharmacokinetics". The presence of fractional kinetics has important clinical implications such as the lack of a half-life, observed, for example with the drug amiodarone and the associated irregular accumulation patterns following constant and multiple-dose administration. Building models that accurately reflect this behaviour is essential for the design of less toxic and more effective drug administration protocols and devices. This article introduces the readers to the theory of fractional pharmacokinetics and the research challenges that arise. After a short introduction to the concepts of fractional calculus, and the main applications that have appeared in literature up to date, we address two important aspects. First, numerical methods that allow us to simulate fractional order systems accurately and second, optimal control methodologies that can be used to design dosing regimens to individuals and populations.

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Optimal dosing of intravenous ketamine for procedural sedation in children in the ED—a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Safety and Efficacy of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Pediatric Oncology Patients

Safety and Efficacy of Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in Pediatric Oncology Patients

Results from the Adverse Event Sedation Reporting Tool: A Global Anthology of 7952 Records Derived from >160,000 Procedural Sedation Encounters

Fractional calculus in pharmacokinetics

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