Optimal energy cost and economic analysis of a residential grid-interactive solar PV system- case of eThekwini municipality in South Africa

Numbi, B.P.; Malinga, S. J.

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.10.048

Cited by 121 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Moreover, such a system increases PV selfconsumption, which can provide an economic benefit to the system owner due to lower electricity exchange with the grid and minimized electricity transport losses [6,7,8]. Economic assessment of such systems optimizing only self-consumption can be found in [9,10,11]. In Germany, financial incentives for battery storage are available provided that the feed-in power is limited to 50 % of the PV system's nominal power [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

2017

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High penetration of photovoltaic (PV) electricity could affect the stability of the low-voltage grid due to over-voltage and transformer overloading at times of peak production. Residential battery storage can smooth out those peaks and hence contribute to grid stability. A feed-in limit allows for the easy setting of a maximum power injection cap and motivates PV owners to increase their self-consumption. A simple control strategy for a residential battery system coupled with a PV system that maximizes selfconsumption and minimizes curtailment losses due to a feed-in limit is presented. The algorithm used in this strategy does not require a forecast of insulation conditions. The performance of this algorithm is compared to a second algorithm-a control strategy based on linear optimization using a forecast. Assuming an exact forecast, this second algorithm is very close to the maximum self-consumption and minimum curtailment losses achievable and can be used to benchmark the simple strategy. The results show that the simple strategy performs as well as the second algorithm with exact forecasts and performs significantly better than the second algorithm using real forecasts. Moreover, it is shown that this result is valid for a large range of storage capacities and PV sizes. Furthermore, it is shown that with a time resolution of 15 minutes for the input data (the resolution of most PV production and load data) self-consumption is overestimated by about 3 % and curtailment losses are underestimated by the same amount. Load sensitivity simulations show that different load curve shapes do not fundamentally change the results. Finally, to assess the effect of load aggregation, the case where the strategy is applied separately to 44 households with storage is compared to the case where it is applied to a centralized storage system of the same size as the total storage of the 44 households. The reduction of the curtailment losses with the number of aggregated houses is showed.Keywords: Photovoltaic (PV), Home storage system, Battery management strategy, PV integration into the electrical grid Highlights• A control strategy for a battery system coupled with a PV system is presented.• With a feed-in limit this strategy does not need a PV production forecast.• This strategy performs as well as a strategy relying on an exact forecast.• A relatively small storage size allows peak injection reduction of 50 %.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

2017

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“…is photon current whish is given in (2), is diode current which is given in (3) and is parallel resistance current which is given in (4). Eq.…”

Section: Pv and Ess Based Residential Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Konutlarda PV ve Enerji Depolama Sistemiyle Talep Yönetiminin Ekonomik Analizi

Bahçeci¹,

Daldaban²

2020

El-Cezeri Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi

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Renewable energy sources (RESs) as distributed generation (DG) have an important place on distribution networks (DNs) in recent years. RESs are being used for voltage stability, low power losses and low energy cost. Two way energy transmission is possible after the development of smart distribution girds and different electricity tariffs can be applied for customers at different times of day. PV modules are growing rapidly for residential applications and PV modules applications are becoming widespread together with technological improvements. Because of the raw material continuity problem of PV modules, energy storage systems (ESSs) can be used at residential PV applications. In this paper, economical effect of the residential PV system for customer is investigated and ESS is used with PV system for more efficient PV usage. The charge/discharge timing of ESS has been set to obtain a minimum electricity bill for one home. Then we used distribution network to analyse the impact of the residential PV application. For this purpose, it was accepted that 25 per cent of homes at distribution network have residential PV and ESS (RPVESS).

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“…Substantial work for both research and implementation aspects of demand monitoring and renewable integration has already been reported for developed countries [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. For instance, Numbi et al [24] presented an optimal energy control of a 3 kW residential grid-interactive solar PV system and studied the effects of varying feed-in-tariffs on the profitability of the system. The model presented in [24] is not valid for the case of developing countries where feed-in-tariff is not offered by the utilities due to grid intermittency and regular grid outages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grid Load Reduction through Optimized PV Power Utilization in Intermittent Grids Using a Low-Cost Hardware Platform

Nasir

Khan

et al. 2019

Energies

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Renewable energy incorporation in many countries takes different forms. In many developed countries, grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) installations are widely coupled with lucrative Feed-in-Tariffs (FiT). However, conventional grid-tied solutions are not readily viable in many developing countries mainly due to intermittent grids with load shedding and, in some cases, lack of net-metering or FiT. Load shedding refers to an intentional electrical power shutdown by the utility company where electricity delivery is stopped for non-overlapping periods of time over different parts of the distribution region. This results in a non-continuous availability of the utility grid for many consumers over the course of a day. In this work, the key challenges in the integration of solar energy explicitly in residential power back-up units are reviewed and system hardware level requirements to allow optimized solar PV utilization in such intermittent grid environments are analyzed. Further, based upon the low-cost sensing and real-time monitoring scheme, an online optimization framework enabling efficient solar incorporation in existing systems to achieve minimum grid dependence in intermittent grid environments is also provided. This work is particularly targeted for over 1.5 billion residents of semi-electrified regions in South Asia and Africa with the weak and intermittent grid.

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Optimal energy cost and economic analysis of a residential grid-interactive solar PV system- case of eThekwini municipality in South Africa

Cited by 121 publications

References 24 publications

Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

Control algorithm for a residential photovoltaic system with storage

Konutlarda PV ve Enerji Depolama Sistemiyle Talep Yönetiminin Ekonomik Analizi

Grid Load Reduction through Optimized PV Power Utilization in Intermittent Grids Using a Low-Cost Hardware Platform

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