Optimal Fertilizer Nitrogen Rates and Yield-Scaled Global Warming Potential in Drill Seeded Rice

Adviento-Borbe, Maria Arlene; Pittelkow, Cameron M.; Anders, Merle M.; Kessel, Chris van; Hill, James E.; McClung, Anna M.; Six, Johan; Linquist, Bruce A.

doi:10.2134/jeq2013.05.0167

Cited by 75 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The proportion of CH 4 emitted following flood release in this study, however, was similar to emissions ranging from 10.5% from CLXL745 to 16% from a semi-dwarf, pure-line cultivar observed by Rogers et al [30]. Post-flood CH 4 release has been observed in numerous previous studies ranging from 3 to 20% of total area-scaled emissions [30,32,51,54,56,70,74]. While the magnitude of post-flood-release CH 4 emissions differs among various treatments, it has become apparent that CH 4 has the potential to accumulate in saturated soils and be released as the soil dries and macropores become accessible for gas transport.…”

Section: Seasonal Methane Emissionssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Fluxes incrementally decreased again at 6 and 7 DAFR (2.65 and 0.56 mg CH 4 -C m -2 h -1 , respectively). The post-flood-release pulse of CH 4 that occurred in this study has been observed in previous studies [30,32,48,49,53,54,55,56], usually occurring from 3 to 6 DAFR, and is generally attributed to the release of CH 4 from soil pores as they drain and allow transport of previously entrapped gases.…”

Section: Methane Fluxes Following Flood Releasesupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Lower emissions measured in this study relative to those reported by Rogers et al [30] may be due to a combination of lower sand content or greater extractable soil P, both of which have been shown to result in reduced emissions [72,73]. Results obtained by AdvientoBorbe et al [54], where emissions from CLXL745 averaged 44 kg CH 4 -C ha -1 season -1…”

Section: Seasonal Methane Emissionssupporting

confidence: 38%

“…Gas samples for flux measurements occurred on approximately weekly intervals at 7,14,21,28,35,43,49,56,63,71, and 77 days after flooding (DAF) for the flooded duration of the study. Sampling intensity was increased after flood release to 80, 82, 83, 84, and 85 DAF [i.e., 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days after flood release (DAFR)] in an attempt to adequately quantify a post-flood-release pulse of CH4 that has commonly been observed in previous studies [32,48,49,51,54,55,56].…”

Section: Gas Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methane Emissions among Hybrid Rice Cultivars in the MidSouthern United States

A.D.¹,

K.R.²,

R.J.³

2018

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Abstract. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) production systems have a greater global warming potential than upland row crops due to methane (CH4) emissions resulting from anaerobic conditions associated with flood-irrigated soils. Based on recent research indicating the potential for hybrid cultivars to mitigate CH4 emissions from rice, the objective of this study was to determine the influence of several commonly grown hybrid rice cultivars on CH4 fluxes and emissions from a silt-loam soil. Four cultivars were evaluated: the three hybrids CLXL729, CLXL745, and XL753 and the pure-line cultivar Roy J. Methane fluxes were determined by measuring changes in headspace CH4 concentrations over a period of 1 hour using 30-cm-inner-diameter polyvinyl chloride chambers. Only minor differences in CH4 fluxes occurred among the three hybrid cultivars, while the pure-line cultivar (Roy J) generally had greater (P < 0.05) fluxes. Peak CH4 fluxes occurred just after heading and were greater (P < 0.05) from Roy J (7.9 mg CH4-C m -2 h -1) than from the three hybrid cultivars, which did not differ and averaged 5.1 mg CH4-C m -2 h -1. Seasonal CH4 emissions were greater (P < 0.05) from Roy J (74.8 kg CH4-C ha -1 season -1 ) than from CLXL729, XL753, and CLXL745, which did not differ, and averaged 55.3, 53.0, and 48.9 kg CH4-C ha -1 season -1, respectively. Results of this study indicate the use of common hybrid cultivars may have potential for mitigation of CH4 emissions from rice production on silt-loam soils in the mid-southern United States.Keywords: Methane emissions, rice cultivar, hybrid rice, methane mitigation IntroductionRice (Oryza sativa L.) is the world's only major row crop that substantially contributes to global methane (CH 4 ) emissions. While most crops are grown under aerated soil conditions and act as net sinks for atmospheric CH 4 , the majority of rice throughout the globe is produced in flooded fields [1] and acts as a net source of CH 4 into the atmosphere. The anoxic conditions resulting from flooded soils lead to the production and release of CH 4 , a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential (GWP) 25 times stronger than carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) [2]. Due to the production of CH 4 , rice cultivation has been estimated to have a GWP 2.7 and 5.7 times stronger than the production of maize (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), respectively, with 90% of the GWP of rice systems attributed to CH 4 [3,4]. It has been estimated, on a global scale, that approximately half of all anthropogenic CH 4 emissions to the atmosphere are a direct result of agricultural activities [5,6] and that 22% of those agricultural CH 4 emissions occur due to rice cultivation [7]. Arkansas is the leading rice-producing state in the US, representing over 49% of harvested area in 2014 and resulting in an estimated 39% of total CH 4 emissions from rice cultivation in the US in 2014 [8].Methane emissions from a rice cultivation system are governed by the magnitude and balance between the two microbial processes of methanogenesis, the prod...

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Section: Seasonal Methane Emissionssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Methane Fluxes Following Flood Releasesupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Seasonal Methane Emissionssupporting

confidence: 38%

Section: Gas Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methane Emissions among Hybrid Rice Cultivars in the MidSouthern United States

A.D.¹,

K.R.²,

R.J.³

2018

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“…Increased nitrogen fertilization rate enhanced net GWP and GHGI due to increased N 2 O emissions and CO 2 emissions associated with manufacture, transport, and application of nitrogen fertilizers, regardless of cropping systems and methods of calculations [3,7,21,33,42,55]. In a meta-analysis of 12 experiments, Sainju [56], after accounting for all sources and sinks of CO 2 emissions, reported that net GWP decreased from 0 to ≤45 kg N ha…”

Section: Nitrogen Fertilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural Management Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Sainju¹

2018

Climate Resilient Agriculture - Strategies and Perspectives

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Management practices used on croplands to enhance crop yields and quality can contribute about 10-20% of global greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide [CO 2 ], nitrous oxide [N 2 O], and methane [CH 4 ]). Some of these practices are tillage, cropping systems, N fertilization, organic fertilizer application, cover cropping, fallowing, liming, etc. The impact of these practices on GHGs in radiative forcing in the earth's atmosphere is quantitatively estimated by calculating net global warming potential (GWP) which accounts for all sources and sinks of CO 2 equivalents from farm operations, chemical inputs, soil carbon sequestration, and N 2 O and CH 4 emissions. Net GWP for a crop production system is expressed as kg CO 2 eq. ha −1 year. −1 Net GWP can also be expressed in terms of crop yield (kg CO 2 eq. kg −1 grain or biomass yield) which is referred to as net greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) or yieldscaled GWP and is calculated by dividing net GWP by crop yield. This article discusses the literature review of the effects of various management practices on GWP and GHGI from croplands as well as different methods used to calculate net GWP and GHGI. The paper also discusses novel management techniques to mitigate net CO 2 emissions from croplands to the atmosphere. This information will be used to address the state of global carbon cycle.Keywords: crop yield, greenhouse gas, global warming, potential, management practice, soil carbon sequestration OverviewManagement practices on croplands can contribute about 10-20% of global greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide [CO 2 ], nitrous oxide [N 2 O], and methane [CH 4 ]) [1,2]. Quantitative estimate of the impact of these GHGs in radiative forcing in the earth's atmosphere is done by calculating net global warming potential (GWP) which accounts for all sources and sinks of CO 2 equivalents from farm operations, chemical inputs, soil carbon (C) sequestration, and N 2 O and © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.CH 4 emissions [3,4]. Net GWP for a crop production system is expressed as kg CO 2 eq. ha −1 year. −1Net GWP can also be expressed in terms of crop yield (kg CO 2 eq. kg −1 grain or biomass yield)which is referred to as net greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) or yield-scaled GWP and is calculated by dividing net GWP by crop yield [3]. These values can be affected both by net GHG emissions and crop yields. Sources of GHGs in agroecosystems include N 2 O and CH 4 emissions (or CH 4 uptake) as well as CO 2 emissions associated with farm machinery used for tillage, planting, harvesting, and manufacture, transportation, and applications of chemical inputs, such as fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides, while soil carbon sequestration rate can be either a sink or source of CO 2 [4][5][6]. In the calculations o...

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Modeling methane and nitrous oxide emissions from direct‐seeded rice systems

Simmonds

Lee

et al. 2015

JGR Biogeosciences

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Process‐based modeling of CH4 and N2O emissions from rice fields is a practical tool for conducting greenhouse gas inventories and estimating mitigation potentials of alternative practices at the scale of management and policy making. However, the accuracy of these models in simulating CH4 and N2O emissions in direct‐seeded rice systems under various management practices remains a question. We empirically evaluated the denitrification‐decomposition model for estimating CH4 and N2O fluxes in California rice systems. Five and nine site‐year combinations were used for calibration and validation, respectively. The model was parameterized for two cultivars, M206 and Koshihikari, and able to simulate 30% and 78% of the variation in measured yields, respectively. Overall, modeled and observed seasonal CH4 emissions were similar (R2 = 0.85), but there was poor correspondence in fallow period CH4 emissions and in seasonal and fallow period N2O emissions. Furthermore, management effects on seasonal CH4 emissions were highly variable and not well represented by the model (0.2–465% absolute relative deviation). Specifically, simulated CH4 emissions were oversensitive to fertilizer N rate but lacked sensitivity to the type of seeding system (dry seeding versus water seeding) and prior fallow period straw management. Additionally, N2O emissions were oversensitive to fertilizer N rate and field drainage. Sensitivity analysis showed that CH4 emissions were highly sensitive to changes in the root to total plant biomass ratio, suggesting that it is a significant source of model uncertainty. These findings have implications for model‐directed field research that could improve model representation of paddy soils for application at larger spatial scales.

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Optimal Fertilizer Nitrogen Rates and Yield-Scaled Global Warming Potential in Drill Seeded Rice

Cited by 75 publications

References 53 publications

Methane Emissions among Hybrid Rice Cultivars in the MidSouthern United States

Methane Emissions among Hybrid Rice Cultivars in the MidSouthern United States

Agricultural Management Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Modeling methane and nitrous oxide emissions from direct‐seeded rice systems

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