One of the main concerns during DEM evaluation is the number of ground control points (GCP). Accordingly, in this paper, a new method is proposed for calculating the appropriate number of GCPs for DEM evaluation based on a Confidence Interval (CI) of RMSE. Then, the method is employed to determine the CI of the estimated vertical accuracy of AW3D30, SRTM and ASTER GDEM Free 30m resolution global DEMs in mountainous, hilly, flat and urban regions of two study areas. To provide a more reliable estimation of errors, robust statistical methods including Median, Normalized Median Absolute Deviation (NMAD) and Huber's µ and σ are also investigated. Furthermore, a new formulation is developed to analyse propagation of the errors in slope and aspect products of DEM. The results showed that to evaluate the accuracy of AW3D30, ASTER GDEM and SRTM with a CI of ±1m and the probability of 99%, in the study area, a minimum number of 2110, 1483 and 750 GCPs are required, respectively. The results also showed that in the flat, hilly and mountainous study areas AW3D30 is the most accurate DEM. However, SRTM fits better to the urban study area. Finally, the results of the error propagation analysis illustrates that the slope and aspect errors bear a striking relation to the surface gradient.