Optimal Growth and Lower Fat Mass in Preterm Infants Fed a Protein‐enriched Postdischarge Formula

Amesz, Eline M.; Schaafsma, Anne; Cranendonk, Anneke; Lafeber, Harrie N.

doi:10.1097/mpg.0b013e3181a8150d

Cited by 80 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Altogether, most of the few available data based on the comparison of early HP intake with AP intake are consistent with growth rate acceleration during the intervention period that does not persist in the post-weaning period. With respect to adiposity, our observations clearly indicate that the reduction in adiposity that has been reported at the end of the intervention period in our animal model (22) as well as in pre-term infants (30) is not detected at the end of the post-weaning period examined. Indeed, both the carcass lipid content and the perirenal adipose tissue mass were similar in the two dietary groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Growth, body composition and hormonal status of growing pigs exhibiting a normal or small weight at birth and exposed to a neonatal diet enriched in proteins

et al. 2011

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Small birth weight and excess of early protein intake are suspected to enhance later obesity risk. The present study was undertaken to determine the impact of neonatal diets differing in protein content on growth, body composition and hormonal status of 70-d-old pigs born with normal weight (NW) or small weight (SW). At 7 d of age, male and female suckled piglets were assigned to the NW (approximately 1·4 kg at birth) or SW (approximately 0·99 kg at birth) groups. They were fed milk replacers formulated to provide an adequate protein (AP) or a high protein (HP) supply for 3 weeks. From weaning to 70 d of age, all animals received ad libitum the same standard diet. Growth rates were higher (P,0·05) in HP piglets than in AP piglets during formula feeding and remained higher (P,0·05) only in HP male pigs thereafter. No difference in feed consumption was detected between groups during the periods examined. Carcass lipid content and the relative weight of perirenal adipose tissue did not differ between the AP and HP pigs. Whereas plasma leptin concentration was higher (P,0·05) in HP pigs than in AP pigs with a marked difference in SW pigs, plasma insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I concentration and expression of IGF system genes were not affected by the diets. In summary, a HP intake during the suckling period induced an increase in growth rate that persisted only in male pigs during the post-weaning period. This response was not associated with any difference in adiposity parameters in this period.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Growth, body composition and hormonal status of growing pigs exhibiting a normal or small weight at birth and exposed to a neonatal diet enriched in proteins

et al. 2011

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“…A recent study involving the evaluation of body composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in preterm infants supports our observations (1). Then, our data clearly indicate that the accelerated body growth of HP piglets does not involve any increase in fat mass in the short term, contrary to what has been suggested in a recent epidemiological study based on a body mass index assessment (27).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…More recently, it has been reported in a large randomized controlled trial that infants receiving higher protein content in infant formula between 15.5 days (median age) and 12 mo of age exhibited a greater growth at the end of the intervention period (27). In contrast, other studies fail to show such an effect (1,15). With respect to growth rate in the postformulafeeding period, the higher daily gain of HP pigs compared with AP pigs did not persist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

A high-protein neonatal formula induces a temporary reduction of adiposity and changes later adipocyte physiology

Sarr

Gondret

Jamin

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Sarr O, Gondret F, Jamin A, Le Huërou-Luron I, Louveau I. A high-protein neonatal formula induces a temporary reduction of adiposity and changes later adipocyte physiology. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 300: R387-R397, 2011. First published December 1, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00459.2010.-The high-protein content of formula offered to low-birth weight babies is suspected to increase the risk of obesity later in life. This study assesses the immediate and subsequent effects of a protein intake in excess during suckling on hormonal and metabolic status and adipose tissue features in a porcine model of intrauterine growth restriction. Piglets were fed milk replacers formulated to provide an adequate (AP) or a high (HP) protein supply from day 2 to day 28. A subset of piglets was killed at day 28. After weaning, the remaining piglets had free access to the same solid high-fat diet until day 160. From day 2 to day 28, HP piglets had a greater daily weight gain (P Ͻ 0.05). Relative weight of perirenal adipose tissue (PAT), adipocyte mean diameters, activities of lipogenic enzymes in PAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), and leptinemia were lower (P Ͻ 0.05) in HP piglets than in AP piglets. Genes related to glucose utilization and lipid anabolism in PAT and SCAT were (P Ͻ 0.05) or tended (P Ͻ 0.1) to be downregulated in HP piglets. At day 160, adipocytes were enlarged, whereas lipogenic rates in adipocytes were reduced (P Ͻ 0.05) in SCAT of HP compared with AP pigs. Percent body fat, mRNA levels of genes controlling lipid metabolism, and plasma concentrations of hormones and metabolites were similar in HP and AP pigs. In conclusion, a HP neonatal formula induced a temporary reduction of adiposity and changed adipocyte physiology at peripubertal age.

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“…However, protein intake in the neonatal period will not necessarily have an impact on growth indices in childhood (59). A high protein intake in the in-hospital as well as in the post discharge period seems to decrease fat mass and increase lean mass up to 6 mo corrected age (61)(62)(63). Whether this trend persists into childhood is not known.…”

Section: The Role Of Dietary Proteins In Growth and Body Compositionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dietary proteins and IGF I levels in preterm infants: determinants of growth, body composition, and neurodevelopment

2014

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Optimal Growth and Lower Fat Mass in Preterm Infants Fed a Protein‐enriched Postdischarge Formula

Cited by 80 publications

References 34 publications

Growth, body composition and hormonal status of growing pigs exhibiting a normal or small weight at birth and exposed to a neonatal diet enriched in proteins

Growth, body composition and hormonal status of growing pigs exhibiting a normal or small weight at birth and exposed to a neonatal diet enriched in proteins

A high-protein neonatal formula induces a temporary reduction of adiposity and changes later adipocyte physiology

Dietary proteins and IGF I levels in preterm infants: determinants of growth, body composition, and neurodevelopment

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