“…The effective implementation of such policies requires an understanding of the longer term responses of biodiversity to forest management. The management practices of most relevance to forestry are timber harvesting (e.g., Fredericksen et al, 2000;Alexander et al, 2002;Spring et al, 2008) and prescribed burning (e.g., Brown et al, 1991;Bradstock et al, 1998;Russell et al, 1999;Gundale et al, 2005;Hood et al, 2007), both of which can simplify habitat structure and significantly alter floristic composition (Kappelle, 1993;Hickey, 1994;Watson and Wardell-Johnson, 2004;Hutchinson et al, 2005). The magnitude and direction of the impacts on biodiversity vary with vegetation type (Connell and Slatyer, 1977;Denslow, 1980;Kappelle et al, 1994;Safford and Harrison, 2004;Schieck and Song, 2006), the intensity and frequency of management (Trabaud and Galtie, 1996;Ough, 2001;Hutchings et al, 2002;Andersen et al, 2005;Carrington and Mullahey, 2006;Penman et al, 2008b), and the taxa of interest (Fox and McKay, 1981;Law, 1996;Kavanagh and Webb, 1998;Abbott et al, 2003;Chang et al, 2007).…”