Optimal Multicast of Tiled 360 VR Video

Guo, Chengjun; Cui, Ying; Liu, Zhi

doi:10.1109/lwc.2018.2864151

Cited by 60 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…We consider a discrete narrowband system of bandwidth B (in Hz). For an arbitrary time frame of duration T (in seconds), 3 let H k ∈ H denote the random channel state of user k, representing the power of the channel between user k and the server, where H denotes the finite channel state space. Let H (H k ) k∈K ∈ H K denote the random system channel (3,4), (2,5), (3,5), (2,6), (3,6) (4,5), (3,6), (4,6), (3,7),(4, 7)}, r 1 = 1, r 2 = 2 and r 3 = 2.…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous work [3], [4], we consider optimal transmission of a single-quality tiled 360 VR video in a TDMA system and an OFDMA system, respectively, by exploiting multicast opportunities. In [5]- [7], the authors consider transmission of a multi-quality tiled 360 VR video in singer-user wireless networks and focus on the optimal quality level selection for each tile to be transmitted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Transmission of Multi-Quality Tiled 360 VR Video by Exploiting Multicast Opportunities

Long

Cui

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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In this paper, we would like to investigate fundamental impacts of multicast opportunities on efficient transmission of a 360 VR video to multiple users in the cases with and without transcoding at each user. We establish a novel mathematical model that reflects the impacts of multicast opportunities on the average transmission energy in both cases and the transcoding energy in the case with user transcoding, and facilitates the optimal exploitation of transcoding-enabled multicast opportunities. In the case without user transcoding, we optimize the transmission resource allocation to minimize the average transmission energy by exploiting natural multicast opportunities. The problem is nonconvex. We transform it to an equivalent convex problem and obtain an optimal solution using standard convex optimization techniques. In the case with user transcoding, we optimize the transmission resource allocation and the transmission quality level selection to minimize the weighted sum of the average transmission energy and the transcoding energy by exploiting both natural and transcodingenabled multicast opportunities. The problem is a challenging mixed discrete-continuous optimization problem. We transform it to a Difference of Convex (DC) programming problem and obtain a suboptimal solution using a DC algorithm. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the importance of effective exploitation of transcoding-enabled multicast opportunities in the case with user transcoding.

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Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Transmission of Multi-Quality Tiled 360 VR Video by Exploiting Multicast Opportunities

Long

Cui

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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“…VR has vast applications in entertainment, education, medicine, etc. [1]. It is predicted that the global market of VR related products will reach 30 billion USD by 2020 [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At any moment, a user watching a 360 VR video is interested in only one viewing direction, corresponding to one part of the 360 VR video, referred to as field-of-view (FoV). Tiling is a technique proposed to enable flexible transmission of FoVs and improve transmission efficiency of a 360 VR video [1], [3]- [6]. Specifically, a 360 VR video is divided into smaller rectangular segments of the same size, referred to as tiles, and any FoV can be composed by a set of tiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Multi-Quality Multicast for 360 Virtual Reality Video

Long

Cui

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)

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A 360 virtual reality (VR) video, recording a scene of interest in every direction, provides VR users with immersive viewing experience. However, transmission of a 360 VR video which is of a much larger size than a traditional video to mobile users brings a heavy burden to a wireless network. In this paper, we consider multi-quality multicast of a 360 VR video from a single server to multiple users using time division multiple access (TDMA). To improve transmission efficiency, tiling is adopted, and each tile is pre-encoded into multiple representations with different qualities. We optimize the quality level selection, transmission time allocation and transmission power allocation to maximize the total utility of all users under the transmission time and power allocation constraints as well as the quality smoothness constraints for mixed-quality tiles. The problem is a challenging mixed discrete-continuous optimization problem. We propose two low-complexity algorithms to obtain two suboptimal solutions, using continuous relaxation and DC programming, respectively. Finally, numerical results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed solutions.Index Terms-virtual reality, 360 video, multi-quality multicast, convex optimization, difference of convex programming.

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“…6 Note that TDMA is analytically tractable and has applications in WiFi systems. In addition, the proposed transmission scheme and the optimization framework for a TDMA system can be extended to an OFDMA system [23].…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Multi-View Video Transmission in Multiuser Wireless Networks by Exploiting Natural and View Synthesis-Enabled Multicast Opportunities

Cui²,

Liu³

2020

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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Multi-view videos (MVVs) provide immersive viewing experience, at the cost of traffic load increase for wireless networks. In this paper, we would like to optimize MVV transmission in a multiuser wireless network by exploiting both natural multicast opportunities and view synthesis-enabled multicast opportunities. Specifically, we first establish a mathematical model to specify view synthesis at the server and each user, and characterize its impact on multicast opportunities. This model is highly nontrivial and fundamentally enables the optimization of view synthesis-based multicast opportunities. For given video quality requirements of all users, we consider the optimization of view selection, transmission time and power allocation to minimize the average weighted sum energy consumption for view transmission and synthesis. In addition, under the energy consumption constraints at the server and each user respectively, we consider the optimization of view selection, transmission time and power allocation and video quality selection to maximize the total utility. These two optimization problems are challenging mixed discrete-continuous optimization problems. For the first problem, we propose an algorithm to obtain an optimal solution with reduced computational complexity by exploiting optimality properties. For each problem, to reduce computational complexity, we also propose a low-complexity algorithm to obtain a suboptimal solution, using Difference of Convex (DC) programming. Finally, numerical results show the advantage of the proposed solutions over existing ones, and demonstrate the importance of the optimization of view synthesis-enabled multicast opportunities in MVV transmission.Index Terms-Multi-view video, view synthesis, multicast, convex optimization, DC programming.

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Optimal Multicast of Tiled 360 VR Video

Cited by 60 publications

References 4 publications

Optimal Transmission of Multi-Quality Tiled 360 VR Video by Exploiting Multicast Opportunities

Optimal Transmission of Multi-Quality Tiled 360 VR Video by Exploiting Multicast Opportunities

Optimal Multi-Quality Multicast for 360 Virtual Reality Video

Optimal Multi-View Video Transmission in Multiuser Wireless Networks by Exploiting Natural and View Synthesis-Enabled Multicast Opportunities

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