Optimal Operation of Offshore Wind Farms With Line-Commutated HVDC Link Connection

Optimal Power Transmission of Offshore Wind Power Using a VSC-HVdc Interconnection

“…Another limit of the wind turbine is the maximum active power due to the aerodynamics power (P g max ), which results from the available wind speed and the power conversion curve. In Figure 1, the steady-state capacity limits of the DFIG are represented, including the stability limit of the generator [11,12]. The resulting P-Q curve is formed by the minimum absolute value of the four operational limits (the stator current, the rotor current, the maximum active power, and the stability limit).…”

“…The incorporation of the VSC-HVdc equations in the OPF is formulated in [10], which gives suitable algorithms to determine the best solution for high-power systems with VSC-HVdc. In [11,12], the representation of a system consisting of one OWF connected to the grid through a LCC-HVdc link (OWF+HVdc) was proposed. The difficulties with the controllability of a LCC-HVdc link (mainly on the sea side) are highlighted on these papers.…”

Information gap decision theory based OPF with HVDC connected wind farms

“…In this paper it is modelled based on the assumptions and considerations given in [33], [34]. The following limits are considered: 1) Stator/rotor current limit 2) Steady state stability limit 3) Total Capability limit 4) Wind-Turbine maximum/minimum active power output limit Hence, active and reactive power production limits of DFIGbased wind farm are as follows.…”

Stochastic Multiperiod OPF Model of Power Systems With HVDC-Connected Intermittent Wind Power Generation

“…The offshore wind farm is generally located far away from the onshore grid. If the distance is long or if the offshore wind farm is connected to a weak AC onshore grid, a high-voltage DC (HVDC) transmission system may be a more suitable choice than the conventional high-voltage AC transmission [6]. Two types of HVDC transmission topologies, i.e., HVDC with voltage source converter (VSC-HVDC) using insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) and line-commutated converter HVDC (LCC-HVDC) are used nowadays for offshore wind farm connectivity [7], [8].…”