Optimal Polymerization Conditions in Thermoplastic-Resin Transfer Molding Process for Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced PA6 Composites Using the Response Surface Method

Choi, Chan-Woong; Jin, Ji-Won; Lee, Hak Sung; Huh, Mongyoung; Kang, Ki-Weon

doi:10.1007/s12221-019-8901-4

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In addition, it has been studied that only a specific proportion of activated monomer and catalyst guarantees a complete reaction with a low amount of residual monomer [24]. Hence, there is a great interest in studying applications of T-RTM in reaction injection molding, pultrusion and vacuum infusion due to the rapid PA6 and reinforced PA6 polymerization process resulting in molded parts with excellent mechanical properties [17,25,26,27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation and Crystallization of PA6 Composites Prepared by T-RTM: Effects of Carbon and Glass Fiber Loading

et al. 2019

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Thermoplastic resin transfer molding (T-RTM) is attracting much attention due to the need for recyclable alternatives to thermoset materials. In this work, we have prepared polyamide-6 (PA6) and PA6/fiber composites by T-RTM of caprolactam. Glass and carbon fibers were employed in a fixed amount of 60 and 47 wt.%, respectively. Neat PA6 and PA6 matrices (of PA6-GF and PA6-CF) of approximately 200 kg/mol were obtained with conversion ratios exceeding 95%. Both carbon fibers (CF) and glass fibers (GF) were able to nucleate PA6, with efficiencies of 44% and 26%, respectively. The α crystal polymorph of PA6 was present in all samples. The lamellar spacing, lamellar thickness and crystallinity degree did not show significant variations in the samples with or without fibers as result of the slow cooling process applied during T-RTM. The overall isothermal crystallization rate decreased in the order: PA6-CF > PA6-GF > neat PA6, as a consequence of the different nucleation efficiencies. The overall crystallization kinetics data were successfully described by the Avrami equation. The lamellar stack morphology observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) is consistent with 2D superstructural aggregates (n = 2) for all samples. Finally, the reinforcement effect of fibers was larger than one order of magnitude in the values of elastic modulus and tensile strength.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleation and Crystallization of PA6 Composites Prepared by T-RTM: Effects of Carbon and Glass Fiber Loading

et al. 2019

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“…RTM has also been operated at lower pressures and temperatures. By monitoring the polymerization rate by means of the resin injection rate, the monomer rate, the activator rate and the catalyst rate, rapid cycle time can be achieved, resulting in a double to triple increase in productivity (Choi et al, 2019;Dammann & Mahnken., 2019).…”

Section: IIImentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Manufacturing Process of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Masri

Mohd²,

Bakar

et al. 2021

IJIE

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Lately, natural fibers have been gaining consideration in development of composites due to its biodegradability, availability and low-cost compared to synthetic fibers. Natural fibers are renewable sources, biodegradable, environmentally friendly and effortless in machinery. In this paper, the manufacturing of production for natural fiber reinforced polymer composite (NFRC) will be reviewed. These including injection molding, resin transfer molding (RTM), pultrusion, sheet molding compound (SMC) and compression molding processing technique. Injection molding and compression molding are mostly used in industry. This is due to the machines give a good finishing surface of the products and low cost.

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“…[1] In contrast to metallic or ceramic materials, polymer-based composites are lightweight, and can potentially show high specific strength and environmental compatibility. [2] Nowadays, the growing interest in composite materials is justified by the demands for materials used in several branches of industry, such as in the aerospace, biomedical, electronics, construction, and packaging fields. [3] Polymer-based composites have been extensively studied in recent decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To differentiate between the RTM technique used for thermoset resins and that used for thermoplastic resins, several authors have used the terms T‐RTM or TP‐RTM for thermoplastic RTM, that is, the technique focused on in this review. [ 2,5–7 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoplastic matrix‐based composites produced by resin transfer molding: A review

et al. 2022

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The recycling of thermoset-based composites is challenging. The replacement of thermosetting resins with thermoplastics is an initial step to address this issue, together with the use of green reinforcements. Owing to the recent development of low-viscosity thermoplastic resins, it is possible to produce thermoplastic matrix composites using the resin transfer molding (RTM) technique, which was originally conceived for the production of thermosetting matrix composites. These resins are based on cyclic esters, methyl methacrylate, and cyclic (butylene terephthalate) oligomers. This review presents the state-of-the-art works reported on the production of thermoplastic matrix composites via a thermoplastic RTM (TP-RTM) process, from the in situ polymerization of the resins through the optimization of the TP-RTM parameters for the evaluation of the composite properties.

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Optimal Polymerization Conditions in Thermoplastic-Resin Transfer Molding Process for Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced PA6 Composites Using the Response Surface Method

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Nucleation and Crystallization of PA6 Composites Prepared by T-RTM: Effects of Carbon and Glass Fiber Loading

Nucleation and Crystallization of PA6 Composites Prepared by T-RTM: Effects of Carbon and Glass Fiber Loading

Review of Manufacturing Process of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Thermoplastic matrix‐based composites produced by resin transfer molding: A review

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