Optimal Pricing-Based Edge Computing Resource Management in Mobile Blockchain

Xiong, Zehui; Feng, Shijie; Niyato, Dusit; Wang, Ping; Han, Zhu

doi:10.1109/icc.2018.8422517

Cited by 131 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In order to let IoT devices make the optimal strategy in a distributed manner, game theory is a nature selection. For example, in [15], the authors propose an auction based approach for PoW offloading in mobile blockchain.…”

Section: Blockchain Strategy Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Internet of Things Meets Blockchain: Challenges in Distributed Consensus

et al. 2019

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Blockchain has been regarded as a promising technology for Internet of Things (IoT), since it provides significant solutions for decentralized network which can address trust and security concerns, high maintenance cost problem, etc. The decentralization provided by blockchain can be largely attributed to the use of consensus mechanism, which enables peer-to-peer trading in a distributed manner without the involvement of any third party. This article starts from introducing the basic concept of blockchain and illustrating why consensus mechanism plays an indispensable role in a blockchain enabled IoT system. Then, we discuss the main ideas of two famous consensus mechanisms including Proof of Work (PoW) and Proof of Stake (PoS), and list their limitations in IoT. Next, two mainstream Direct Acyclic Graph (DAG) based consensus mechanisms, i.e., the Tangle and Hashgraph, are reviewed to show why DAG consensus is more suitable for IoT system than PoW and PoS. Potential issues and challenges of DAG based consensus mechanism to be addressed in the future are discussed in the last.

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Section: Blockchain Strategy Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

When Internet of Things Meets Blockchain: Challenges in Distributed Consensus

et al. 2019

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“…The most closely related work are Xiong et al [27], [28] that uses game theory and a pricing mechanism to optimize the profits of the miners at the edge servers. It focuses on the blockchain running costs.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blockchain [24], [25] combined with smart contracts [26], [33] enable a trustless environment and are recently attracting more attention due to unique features such as data/transactions persistence, tampering resistance, validity, traceability, and distributed fault tolerance. Limited efforts have been made applying them into decentralized IoT and edge computing systems, and two typical work are Xiong et al [27], [28] using game theory and Chatzopoulos et al [31] focused on computation offloading. In comparison, our research focus is not on consensus mechanism and mining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EdgeChain: An Edge-IoT Framework and Prototype Based on Blockchain and Smart Contracts

Pan

Wang

Hester

et al. 2019

IEEE Internet Things J.

237

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The emerging Internet of Things (IoT) is facing significant scalability and security challenges. On the one hand, IoT devices are "weak" and need external assistance. Edge computing provides a promising direction addressing the deficiency of centralized cloud computing in scaling massive number of devices. On the other hand, IoT devices are also relatively "vulnerable" facing malicious hackers due to resource constraints. The emerging blockchain and smart contracts technologies bring a series of new security features for IoT and edge computing. In this paper, to address the challenges, we design and prototype an edge-IoT framework named "EdgeChain" based on blockchain and smart contracts. The core idea is to integrate a permissioned blockchain and the internal currency or "coin" system to link the edge cloud resource pool with each IoT device' account and resource usage, and hence behavior of the IoT devices. EdgeChain uses a credit-based resource management system to control how much resource IoT devices can obtain from edge servers, based on pre-defined rules on priority, application types and past behaviors. Smart contracts are used to enforce the rules and policies to regulate the IoT device behavior in a non-deniable and automated manner. All the IoT activities and transactions are recorded into blockchain for secure data logging and auditing. We implement an EdgeChain prototype and conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the ideas. The results show that while gaining the security benefits of blockchain and smart contracts, the cost of integrating them into EdgeChain is within a reasonable and acceptable range.

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“…Xiong et al proposed a pricing strategy for offloading the blockchain's resource-consuming proof-of-work tasks to edge computing nodes [8]. A two-stage Stackelberg game model was presented with both the edge computing service provider and the miners involved.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

EdgeChain: Blockchain-based Multi-vendor Mobile Edge Application Placement

Zhu

Huang

Zhou

2018

2018 4th IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization and Workshops (NetSoft)

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The state-of-the-art mobile edge applications are generating intense traffic and posing rigorous latency requirements to service providers. While resource sharing across multiple service providers can be a way to maximize the utilization of limited resources at the network edge, it requires a centralized repository maintained by all parties for service providers to share status. Moreover, service providers have to trust each other for resource allocation fairness, which is difficult because of potential conflicts of interest. We propose EdgeChain, a blockchainbased architecture to make mobile edge application placement decisions for multiple service providers. We first formulate a stochastic programming problem minimizing the placement cost for mobile edge application placement scenarios. Based on our model, we present a heuristic mobile edge application placement algorithm. As a decentralized public ledger, the blockchain then takes the logic of our algorithm as the smart contract, with the consideration of resources from all mobile edge hosts participating in the system. The algorithm is agreed by all parties and the results will only be accepted by majority of the mining nodes on the blockchain. When a placement decision is made, an edge host meeting the consumer's latency and budget requirements will be selected at the lowest cost. All placement transactions are stored on the blockchain and are traceable by every mobile edge service provider and application vendor who consumes resources at the mobile edge.

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Optimal Pricing-Based Edge Computing Resource Management in Mobile Blockchain

Cited by 131 publications

References 10 publications

When Internet of Things Meets Blockchain: Challenges in Distributed Consensus

When Internet of Things Meets Blockchain: Challenges in Distributed Consensus

EdgeChain: An Edge-IoT Framework and Prototype Based on Blockchain and Smart Contracts

EdgeChain: Blockchain-based Multi-vendor Mobile Edge Application Placement

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