Optimisation du NPK et urée basée sur les informations climatiques pour accroitre la production du sorgho en zones soudano-sahéliennes du Sénégal

Abstract

Ganyo et al., J. Appl. Biosci. 2018 Optimisation du NPK et urée basée sur les informations climatiques pour accroitre la production du sorgho en zones soudano-sahéliennes du Sénégal ABSTRACT Optimizing NPK and urea based on weather forecast to increase sorghum production in Sudano-Sahelian zones in Senegal Objective: Rainfall variability and soil nutrients deficiency accentuated by climate change affects sorghum production in Senegal. This work aims to study the responses of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to contrasting application of NPK and urea that could be based on weather forecasts. Methodology and results: A split-plot experiment with four replications was carried out at "Nioro du Rip" and "Sinthiou Malème" (Senegal) on sandy soils in rainfed conditions. Four sorghum varieties (Fadda, Faourou, Soumalemba et Soumba) were submitted to five fertilizer treatments defined as T1 = no fertilizer; T2 = 150 kg/ha of NPK (15-15-15) at emergence + 50 kg/ha of urea (46%) at tillering + 50 Kg/ha of urea at stem extension (recommended practice in Senegal for sorghum); T3 = half rate of T2 applied at the same stages; T4 = 150 kg/ha of NPK + 50 kg/ha of urea at stem extension + 50 kg/ha of urea at heading (delay T2) and T5 = half rate of T4 applied at the same stages. Late fertilization allowed plants stressed to recover growth as if fertilizer is applied early in-season. Yield varied according to locations. The application of full dose late inseason (T4) was more beneficial to late application of half rate (T5). Varieties responded differently to fertilization with Soumalemba wich responded better to late application. Conclusion and application of results: It appears from this study that late fertilization has been beneficial for both grain and biomass. It remains an alternative to fertilization management as recommended or practiced by farmers in the event of an unfavorable rain season, especially in agro-pastoral countries like Senegal. Technical support structures for farmers should integrate rainfall forecasts or observations into fertilization recommendations in order to optimize fertilizer efficiency and sorghum productivity.

Genotype-Environment Interaction: Trade-Offs between the Agronomic Performance and Stability of Dual-Purpose Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Genotypes in Senegal

“…This indicates that these genotypes responded differently to environments, thereby confirming phenotypic diversity among the genotypes assessed. These results are in agreement with previous findings on sorghum [25][26][27][28]. In general, yields were higher for sowing date 1 than for sowing date 2, showing the potential importance of a longer cycle time and the existence of a photoperiod response of several of the sorghums studied, as already demonstrated in West Africa [29].…”

Evolution of Lippia multiflora Biomass by the Fertigation Technique on a Ferralsol in the South of Côte d’Ivoire

“…Results obtained indicate that the addition of urea had positive impact on growth parameters of L. multiflora. Indeed, urea supply had impact on the growth of L. multiflora, the plants that received urea had higher parameters than the T0 control that did not receive urea as demonstrated by the work of Ilunga et al (2018) and Nsiku et al (2019) on maize on Ferralsol in DRC, the work of Ganyo et al (2018) on lettuce and the work of Tchaniley et al (2020) on sorghum. This shows the nutrient poverty of the control plot.…”

“…Mineral fertilization has encountered shortcomings in its application and significant nitrogen losses have been noted, negatively affecting crop yields (Saïdou et al, 2014;Macauley & Ramadjita, 2015). Fertigation, wich consists of the addition of soluble mineral fertilizer previously dilued in irrigation water, could limit the use of nitrogenous fertilizers in order to increase yields and meet the challenge of sustainability in plantations (Ilunga et al, 2018;Ganyo et al, 2018;Siene et al, 2020). Thus, the use of urea on soil containing Lippia multiflora did not affect the quality of L. multiflora leaves (Kané et al, 2010).…”