Optimisation of larval culture of the mussel Mytilus edulis (L.)

Abstract

The blue mussel Mytilus edulis is a commercially important species whose fishery and culture generally relies on natural spat collection. Hatchery-production could provide an alternative source of seed, enabling reliable expansion of the industry. Mussel spawning and larval rearing trials were carried out to optimise elements of hatchery production. Culturing fertilised eggs at low density (20-200 eggs cm -2 ) rather than high density (400-720 eggs cm -2 ) significantly improved the quality of first veliger larvae and differences in this improvement were evident between the eggs from different females (maternal effects). Veliger larval growth at 17 or 21°C was significantly faster than growth at 14°C. Feeding veliger larvae an identical total ration either daily or at 2-3 day intervals did not significantly affect their growth. Different microalgal diets (1: Isochrysis sp. (clone T-ISO), 2: Chaetoceros calcitrans forma pumilus, 3: C. muelleri, 4: mixed Isochrysis sp. (clone T-ISO) and C. calcitrans f. pumilus, and 5: mixed Isochrysis sp. (clone T-ISO) and C. muelleri) were tested on veliger larval growth and mixed diets outperformed singlespecies diets.

Effect of temperature on the culture of larvae of the bivalve Mytilus chilensis originated from broodstocks from different latitudes in a controlled environment

“…This has been documented for similar species, though the growth rates reported herein are lower than those indicated by other authors (His et al 1989, Pechenik et al 1990, Lutz and Kennish 1992, Beaumont et al 2004, Ruiz et al 2008, Galley et al 2010, Sánchez-Lazo and Martínez-Pita 2011. This lesser growth could be explained by differences in the culture system and in the amount and composition of the diet supplied in each case, our study using a closed culture system, batch cultures, and I. galbana (clone T-ISO) as food.…”

“…La diferencia latitudinal entre poblaciones conlleva diferentes medias térmicas. Pese a que en la literatura se ha relacionado positivamente al crecimiento larvario de los bivalvos con la temperatura (Lutz y Kennish 1992, Beaumont et al 2004, Ruiz et al 2008, Rico-Villa et al 2009, Galley et al 2010, no se ha comparado el crecimiento de larvas provenientes de ejemplares de poblaciones naturales separadas entre sí por varios grados de latitud. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si las larvas de M. chilensis provenientes de reproductores de diferentes latitudes (Chiloé y Punta Arenas), con una leve diferenciación genética (Toro et al 2004a(Toro et al , 2004b(Toro et al , 2006, presentan diferencias en la tasa de crecimiento y en el porcentaje de supervivencia a iguales temperaturas de cultivo.…”

“…While studies have shown that the growth of bivalve larvae is positively related to temperature (Lutz and Kennish 1992, Beaumont et al 2004, Ruiz et al 2008, Rico-Villa et al 2009, Galley et al 2010, the growth of larvae from natural populations separated by several degrees of latitude has not been compared. The objective of this study was to determine whether M. chilensis larvae originating from broodstocks from different latitudes (Chiloé and Punta Arenas), with slight genetic differentiation (Toro et al 2004a(Toro et al , 2004b(Toro et al , 2006, exhibit differences in their growth and survival rates at the same culture temperatures.…”

The effects of environment on <i>Arctica islandica</i> shell formation and architecture

“…Faster growth was measured in the mixed diet treatment, indicating a synergic effect of the relative food composition (Epifanio, 1979). Likely, Mytilus edulis grew faster when reared with different types of mixed diets as opposed to monospecific diets (Galley et al, 2010).…”

Effects of temperature and salinity on inducing spawning in the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) under laboratory conditions

“…Various induced spawning methods have been used on dierent bivalve species in order to produce seeds in a hatchery. Induced spawning, larval rearing and spat production of several mussel species, such as Perna viridis (Laxmilatha et al 2011), Modiolus capax (Farfán et al 2007) and Mytilus edulis (Galley et al 2010) have been successfully carried out in laboratories and hatcheries; however, little attention has been paid to the production of oyster spat in large-scale hatcheries and the oyster industry still relies on the supply of seed from the wild (Alfaro et al 2010;Laxmilatha et al 2011;Wong and Arshad, 2013).…”