Optimization of a simple method for the chiral separation of phenethylamines of forensic interest based on cyclodextrin complexation capillary electrophoresis and its preliminary application to the analysis of human urine and hair

Simultaneous Chiral Analysis of Methamphetamine and its Metabolites by Capillary Electrophoresis/Mass Spectrometry with Direct Injection of Urine

“…[13][14][15][16][17][18] and in urine. [19][20][21][22][23][24] However, these methods for amphetamines in urine require a procedure of extraction from urine and are unsatisfactory with respect to the need for rapid analyses. We developed a method for the chiral analysis of MA and its metabolites by CE/diode-array detection with direct injection of urine.…”

Accelerated quantification of amphetamine enantiomers in human urine using chiral liquid chromatography and on-line column-switching coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

“…With the mobile phases described, the analytes were retained and concentrated on the trapping column, while salts and other urine constituents were washed away to waste. Compared to the off-line solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction procedures commonly used for preparing urine samples for stereoselective AM analysis [6,[16][17][18][19][25][26][27][28][29], on-line sample cleanup has the advantages of being time-and costefficient and less prone to sample contamination, human error and reproducibility problems. In addition, the use of a trapping column allows for large injection volumes without affecting the chromatographic performance of the analytical column, thus making the presented method easily transferable between different mass spectrometers by simply adjusting the injection volume according to the instrument's sensitivity.…”

“…Using this approach, an average sample analysis time of 6.4 min could be achieved. Compared to a conventional sequential analysis with the same HPLC system, this multiple-injection-approach significantly increases sample throughput, resulting in a shorter analysis time than the existing methods for stereoselective determination of AM in urine [6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][25][26][27][28][29]. Other approaches such as parallel analysis with several columns would require additional HPLC columns, additional pumps and a second valve.…”

“…Chiral LC methods using MS, UV or fluorescence detection have been reported for the stereoselective analysis of AM in hair [11][12][13] and urine [14][15][16]. AM enantiomers have also been separated by capillary electrophoresis (CE) using chiral selectors as mobile phase additives and MS or UV detection [17][18][19]. However, compared to GC and LC, CE is much less commonly implemented in forensic laboratories.…”

Gas Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometric Method for Determination of Methamphetamine and its Major Metabolite Amphetamine in Human Hair

“…There have been several reports of studies for their determination in human hair. Analytical methods have used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (8)(9)(10)(11)(12), gas chromatography (GC) (13), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), capillary electrophoresis (25,26), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (22,(27)(28)(29). Because of its specificity and sensitivity, gas chromatography-low-resolution mass spectrometric (GC-LRMS) method with the selected ion monitoring technique was routinely employed for the determination of methamphetamine abuse.…”