2021
DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02855c
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Optimization of closed-cycle oil recovery: a non-thermal process for bitumen and extra heavy oil recovery

Abstract: The conceptual application of a single-phase microemulsion in the closed-cycle oil recovery approach for bitumen and extra-heavy oil reserves.

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Cited by 8 publications
(3 citation statements)
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References 34 publications
(35 reference statements)
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“…On the one hand, nonthermal EOR methods constitute nearly 33% of the EOR projects worldwide and primarily stem from the principles of chemical-enhanced oil recovery (cEOR), originally developed for conventional oil reservoirs . Among the spectrum of nonthermal EOR approaches, chemical flooding holds prominence, including the utilization of surfactants (e.g., closed-cycle oil recovery, C–COR), polymers, alkaline, or a blend thereof, i.e., alkali–cosolvent–polymer (ACP) or alkali–surfactant–polymer (ASP). , Additionally, nonthermal methods involve the injection of miscible and immiscible gases, encompassing the use of CO 2 and N 2 for both immiscible and miscible flooding scenarios. , Comparatively, thermal EOR which accounts for more than 50% of the worldwide EOR projects, harnesses thermal energy to elevate the reservoir temperature, thereby encompassing a spectrum of remarkable physicochemical effects, including the simultaneous reduction of oil viscosity, interfacial tension, and increased API gravity . Moreover, these processes stimulate chemical transformations such as cracking, dehydrogenation, oxidation, and other reactive modifications that facilitate the seamless flow of oil toward the production well.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…On the one hand, nonthermal EOR methods constitute nearly 33% of the EOR projects worldwide and primarily stem from the principles of chemical-enhanced oil recovery (cEOR), originally developed for conventional oil reservoirs . Among the spectrum of nonthermal EOR approaches, chemical flooding holds prominence, including the utilization of surfactants (e.g., closed-cycle oil recovery, C–COR), polymers, alkaline, or a blend thereof, i.e., alkali–cosolvent–polymer (ACP) or alkali–surfactant–polymer (ASP). , Additionally, nonthermal methods involve the injection of miscible and immiscible gases, encompassing the use of CO 2 and N 2 for both immiscible and miscible flooding scenarios. , Comparatively, thermal EOR which accounts for more than 50% of the worldwide EOR projects, harnesses thermal energy to elevate the reservoir temperature, thereby encompassing a spectrum of remarkable physicochemical effects, including the simultaneous reduction of oil viscosity, interfacial tension, and increased API gravity . Moreover, these processes stimulate chemical transformations such as cracking, dehydrogenation, oxidation, and other reactive modifications that facilitate the seamless flow of oil toward the production well.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…16 On the one hand, nonthermal EOR methods constitute nearly 33% of the EOR projects worldwide and primarily stem from the principles of chemical-enhanced oil recovery (cEOR), originally developed for conventional oil reservoirs. 11 Among the spectrum of nonthermal EOR approaches, chemical flooding holds prominence, including the utilization of surfactants (e.g., closed-cycle oil recovery, C−COR), 12 polymers, alkaline, or a blend thereof, i.e., alkali−cosolvent−polymer (ACP) or alkali−surfactant−polymer (ASP). 13,14 Additionally, nonthermal methods involve the injection of miscible and immiscible gases, encompassing the use of CO 2 and N 2 for both immiscible and miscible flooding scenarios.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With the continuous exploitation of global oil resources, oil extraction has entered the tertiary stage to extract heavy and ultraheavy oil. As a result of surveys, the global share of heavy and superheavy oil accounts for 40% of proven reserves, exceeding that of conventional light oil reserves [1,2]. Moreover, globally, the recoverable resources of heavy oil account for 29% of unconventional oil and gas [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%