Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Production of Extracellular Cellulases via Solid State Fermentation

El-Ghonemy, Dina H.

doi:10.9734/bmrj/2014/8100

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…These findings are in agreement with Alshelmani et al [ 7 ], who reported that enzyme activity was dramatically declined for cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria after 7 days of SSF. The reduction of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzyme activities might be due to the depletion of macro- and micronutrients in the fermentation medium which stressed the bacterial physiology resulting from inactivation of enzyme production [ 22 – 24 ] or may be due to the denaturation of enzymes resulting from variation in pH during SSF [ 25 ]. It was observed that P. polymyxa ATCC 842 produced higher enzyme activity compared to the other cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria so that CMCase, xylanase, and mannanase activities were 14.14, 52.00, and 42.60 μ mol/min/mg protein, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Palm Kernel Cake by Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Bacterial Cultures through Solid State Fermentation

Alshelmani

Loh

Foo

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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Four cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacterial cultures were purchased from the Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Culture (DSMZ) and the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Two experiments were conducted; the objective of the first experiment was to determine the optimum time period required for solid state fermentation (SSF) of palm kernel cake (PKC), whereas the objective of the second experiment was to investigate the effect of combinations of these cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic bacteria on the nutritive quality of the PKC. In the first experiment, the SSF was lasted for 12 days with inoculum size of 10% (v/w) on different PKC to moisture ratios. In the second experiment, fifteen combinations were created among the four microbes with one untreated PKC as a control. The SSF lasted for 9 days, and the samples were autoclaved, dried, and analyzed for proximate analysis. Results showed that bacterial cultures produced high enzymes activities at the 4th day of SSF, whereas their abilities to produce enzymes tended to be decreased to reach zero at the 8th day of SSF. Findings in the second experiment showed that hemicellulose and cellulose was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased, whereas the amount of reducing sugars were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the fermented PKC (FPKC) compared with untreated PKC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Palm Kernel Cake by Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Bacterial Cultures through Solid State Fermentation

Alshelmani

Loh

Foo

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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“…It is claimed by many researchers that strain improvement can be achieved by mutagenic agents for microbial cellulase production (El‐Ghonemy, Ali, El‐Bondkly, Moharam, & Talkhan, 2014; Li et al, 2010). For enhanced cellulase production, several mutagenic agents like ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, gamma irradiation (Co60 γ‐rays), ethyl‐methane sulphonate (EMS), and N‐methyl‐N′‐nitro‐N‐nitrosoguanidine have been enacted on various strains of fungus (El‐Ghonemy, Ali, & Moharam, 2014; Fawzi & Hamdy, 2011; Mostafa, 2014). A transformed strain of A. oryzae NRRL 3484 having more noteworthy yielding of extracellular cellulase by utilizing a multistep change system was created by Dhillon, Kaur, Brar, and Verma (2012).…”

Section: Different Approaches (Bioprocessing) For Improved Cellulase mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost‐effective cellulase production, improvement strategies, and future challenges

Bhati

Shreya

Sharma

2020

J Food Process Engineering

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The most abundant biopolymer accessible on earth is lignocellulose. The hydrolysis of lignocelluloses is completed through enzyme groups such as ligninases, hemicelluloses, and cellulases as independently and together called lignocellulolytic enzymes. This review is focused on dealing with enhanced production of cellulose using modern techniques like strain improvement, consolidated bioprocessing, metabolic engineering, and recombinant technology, and defines the technology to boost the enzyme activity and its yield. Furthermore, the restrains linked with the production of cellulolytic enzyme and the direction of upcoming research to offer a complete strategy to improve cellulase yield with novel properties for industrial application at cost‐effective levels are mentioned.Practical applicationsCellulase is a complex enzyme consisting of an endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β‐D‐glucosidase which acts in combination to release a small unit of glucose. Cellulase has vast potential in the industrial sector especially in the food and beverage as well as paper and pulp industries. The parameters such as strain improvement and heterologous gene expression are involved to enhance the cellulase production. This review discusses the cost‐effective production of cellulolytic enzyme and also emphasizes the limitations and future prospects of this enzyme production on a large scale.

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Improvement of Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 3484 by mutagenesis and optimization of culture conditions in solid-state fermentation for the hyper-production of extracellular cellulase

El-Ghonemy

Ali

El-Bondkly

et al. 2014

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

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Spore suspensions of Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 3484 were subjected to mutagenesis using ultraviolet-irradiation followed by chemical treatments to improve the biosynthesis of cellulase. Ten mutant strains namely UEAC7, UEAR5, UNAC4, UNAC16, UNAR19, UNBC7, UNBR3, UNBR10, UNBR23 and UNBR25 were selected and their extracellular cellulase activities were assayed. Mutant UNAC4 gave the highest cellulase production [2,455 ± 28 U/g-dry substrate (ds) for filter paper-ase (FP-ase)] in a yield 4-fold exceeding that of the wild type strain (578 ± 5.0 U/g-ds for FP-ase). Rice straw (RS) was used as a sole carbon source for the enzyme production at a concentration of 10 % (w/v). Maximum cellulase production was achieved at initial medium pH 5.5, initial moisture content 77 % and an incubation temperature 28 °C on the fifth day of growth. NH4Cl proved to be the suitable added nitrogen source for maximum enzyme production followed by peptone. These results clearly indicate the cost-effectiveness of solid state fermentation technology in the economic production of extracellular cellulase. The hyper-production of cellulase by mutant strain UNAC4 has potential for industrial processes that convert lignocellulosic material (e.g. RS) into products of commercial value such as glucose and biofuels.

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Optimization of Culture Conditions for the Production of Extracellular Cellulases via Solid State Fermentation

Cited by 8 publications

References 60 publications

Biodegradation of Palm Kernel Cake by Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Bacterial Cultures through Solid State Fermentation

Biodegradation of Palm Kernel Cake by Cellulolytic and Hemicellulolytic Bacterial Cultures through Solid State Fermentation

Cost‐effective cellulase production, improvement strategies, and future challenges

Improvement of Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 3484 by mutagenesis and optimization of culture conditions in solid-state fermentation for the hyper-production of extracellular cellulase

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