Optimization of dietary vitamin C in fish and crustacean larvae: a review

Merchie, G.; Lavens, Patrick; Sorgeloos, Patrick

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(97)00115-4

Cited by 113 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The increase in ascorbate during ontogeny indicated that diets contained sufficient ascorbate to meet larval requirements. Further, Merchie et al (1997) found that naturally occurring levels of ascorbate in Artemia (550 μg g -1 ) were sufficient to meet the requirements of freshwater prawn larvae, but they suggested that higher levels (>1,400 μg g -1 ) might improve larval stress resistance. Although we did not measure ascorbic acid in the diets, our previous studies showed that DHA Selco-fed Artemia contained 680 μg g -1 , whereas Artemia enriched with microalgae (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition during growth and starvation of early larval stages of cultured spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) phyllosoma

Ritar

Dunstan

Crear

et al. 2003

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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We examined biochemical changes accompanying feeding and starvation from hatch to Stage VI (day 74 after hatch) in spiny lobster, Jasus edwardsii, phyllosoma larvae. Larval dry weights (dw) increased 17-fold from hatch (80 ± 1 μg) to Stage VI (1415 ± 44 μg). Larvae starved for 6-11 days at Stages II, IV and VI were 14-40% lighter than their fed counterparts fed enriched Artemia. The increases and losses in total dw during feeding and starvation were associated with changes in the content of protein (constituting 31.4-41.7% of dw) and carbohydrate (constituting 2.6-5.3% of dw), while larger changes in lipid content indicated its greater importance as an energy substrate. Lipid content increased from 7.9% of dw at hatch to its highest of 12.5% at Stage IV, but declined by 50% or more during starvation. This suggests that protein, carbohydrate and lipid are all important energy stores, although lipids are catabolised at a greater rate during food deprivation. The principal lipid class was polar lipid (79-92% of total lipid), followed by sterol (6-20%), with triacylglycerol and other lipid classes at <2%. Polar lipids were catabolized and sterols were conserved during starvation. Changes in the fatty acid profile had mostly occurred before the first moult at day 8 after hatch, with gradual changes thereafter to Stage VI, reflecting their abundance in the Artemia diet. There was some conservation of the major essential fatty acids (EFA), 20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, 22:6n-3, and the fatty acid profile showed large gains in the C 18 PUFA, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6. Ascorbic acid content increased 10-fold from hatch to the end of Stage I (36 and 333 μg g -1 dw, respectively), while the content at the end of Stage II was higher in fed than starved larvae (439 and 174 μg g -1 dw, respectively). Our study will assist in the development of alternatives to nutritionally incomplete diets, such as live ongrown Artemia, to meet the requirements of phyllosoma in culture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition during growth and starvation of early larval stages of cultured spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) phyllosoma

Ritar

Dunstan

Crear

et al. 2003

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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“…Some authors have suggested that vitamins may have a beneficial effect on the health of shrimp (Merchie et al 1997(Merchie et al , 1998. However, feeding shrimp dietary supplements could have been a proxy measure for better husbandry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors associated with white spot syndrome virus infection in a Vietnamese rice-shrimp farming system

Corsin¹,

Turnbull²,

Hảo³

et al. 2001

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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White spot disease (WSD) is a pandemic disease caused by a virus commonly known as white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Several risk factors for WSD outbreaks have been suggested. However, there have been very few studies to identify risk factors for WSD outbreaks in culture systems. This paper presents and discusses the risk factors for WSSV infection identified during a longitudinal observational study conducted in a Vietnamese rice-shrimp farming system. A total of 158 variables were measured comprising location, features of the pond, management practices, pond bottom quality, shrimp health and other animals in the pond. At the end of the study period WSSV was detected in 15 of the 24 ponds followed through the production cycle (62.5%). One hundred and thirtynine variables were used in univariate analyses. All the variables with a p-value ≤ 0.10 were used in unconditional logistic regression in a forward stepwise model. An effect of location was identified in both univariate and multivariate analyses showing that ponds located in the eastern portion of the study site, closer to the sea, were more likely to test positive for WSSV by 1-step PCR at harvest. Ponds with shrimp of a smaller average size 1 mo after stocking tended to be positive for WSSV at the end of the production cycle. Average weight at 1 mo was also highlighted in multivariate analyses when considered as either a risk factor or an outcome. Other risk factors identified in univariate analyses were earlier date of stocking and use of commercial feed. A number of variables also appeared to be associated with a reduced risk of WSSV at harvest including the presence of dead post larvae in the batch sampled at stocking, presence of Hemigrapsus spp. crabs during the first month of production, feeding vitamin premix or legumes, presence of high numbers of shrimp with bacterial infection and the presence of larger mud crabs or gobies at harvest. No associations were detected with WSSV at harvest and stocking density, presence, or number or weight of wild shrimp in the pond. The multivariate model to identify outcomes associated with WSSV infection highlighted the presence of high mortality as the main variable explaining the data. The results obtained from this study are discussed in the context of WSD control and areas requiring further investigation are suggested.KEY WORDS: White spot disease · Aquatic epidemiology · Risk factors · Penaeus monodon · Rice-shrimp farming systemResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…For example, 80 vitamin C appears to enhance the ability of fish larvae to resist stress and infections 81 (Merchie et al, 1997). 82…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition of copepods for evaluation of feed quality in production of juvenile marine fish

Meeren

Olsen

Hamre³

et al. 2008

Aquaculture

243

164

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13 14To increase current knowledge on the nutritional value of natural prey organisms, the 15 biochemical components of mainly three copepods (Acartia grani, Centropages 16 hamatus, and Eurytemora affinis) from a marine pond system were analysed once a 17 week from spring until late fall, over two years. The analysed components were total 18 lipid, lipid class composition, total lipid fatty acid composition, free amino acids, total 19 protein, protein-bound amino acids, pigment (astaxanthin and ß-carotene), and 20 vitamins (A, thiamine, riboflavin, C, D 3 , and E). Copepod dry weight (DW), dry 21 matter (% of wet weight), and ash content (% of DW) were also determined. The data 22 are unique due to the homogenous content of copepods in the samples and the long 23 time span of sampling. The copepods were characterised by moderate levels of lipids 24 (6.9-22.5% of DW), with polar lipids accounting for 37.9 to70.2% of the total lipid. 25The most abundant fatty acids in total lipid (as % of total lipid) were 16:0 (palmitic 26 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +47 56182262; fax: +47 56182222. E-mail address: Terje.van.der.Meeren@imr.no A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T , 8.3-24.6%), and 22:6n-3 (DHA, 13.9-42.3%). The 27 amount of 20:4n-6 (ARA) was generally low (0-2.6%), giving an EPA/ARA range 28 between 7.5and 49.5. The DHA/EPA ratio was between 1.0 and 4.9. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT2 acid, 10.8-17.1%), 20:5n-3 (EPA

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Optimization of dietary vitamin C in fish and crustacean larvae: a review

Cited by 113 publications

References 41 publications

Biochemical composition during growth and starvation of early larval stages of cultured spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) phyllosoma

Biochemical composition during growth and starvation of early larval stages of cultured spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) phyllosoma

Risk factors associated with white spot syndrome virus infection in a Vietnamese rice-shrimp farming system

Biochemical composition of copepods for evaluation of feed quality in production of juvenile marine fish

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