Optimization of energy costs for SWRO desalination plants

Yechiel, Aharon; Shevah, Yehuda

doi:10.1080/19443994.2012.677561

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, over 40 years, technological improvements in membranes, elements, pretreatment options, and development of ERDs, have served to drastically decrease the energy consumption. The minimum specific energy consumption decreased to 8 kWh/m 3 in the 1980s, to 5 kWh/m 3 in the 1990s, and to less than 3.5 kWh/m 3 in the 2000s [10,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65]. The water production costs and the specific energy consumption for 20 SWRO plants with water production capacity of greater than 40,000 m 3 /d between 2005 to 2010 were within the range of 0.5-3.0 US$/m 3 and 2.5-4.0 kWh/m 3 respectively [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How RO membrane permeability and other performance factors affect process cost and energy use: A review

2019

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Reverse osmosis (RO) technology has progressed steadily over the last few decades. Those gains were achieved through improvements in both RO membrane element performance and energy recovery technologies. However, some recent literature indicates that RO membrane water permeability is approaching performance limits imposed by transport processes and thermodynamic constraints. This paper reviews how RO membrane element performance affects the cost of RO processes, especially the specific energy consumption. RO membrane performance encompasses water permeability, salt permeability, and other some characteristics of the RO element. This paper considers not only conventional RO processes, but also the recently proposed closed-circuit RO and batch RO processes. Even if the membrane water permeability increases, little additional effect is found when the membrane water permeability exceeds around 3 LMH/bar for seawater RO and 8 LMH/bar for brackish water RO in conventional single-stage RO. Increasing membrane water permeability has the potential to decrease membrane surface area and associated costs. A major limitation of most existing literature is that performance is evaluation on in terms of the initial operating conditions. Chronological changes, such as result from fouling, must also be considered to accurately validate how membrane element performance affects RO cost.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How RO membrane permeability and other performance factors affect process cost and energy use: A review

2019

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“…16,85,86 It has been estimated that more than 18,000 RO plants are operating in 150 countries, annually producing roughly 38 billion m 3 of purified water with an annual consumption of approximately 75 terawatt-hours of electricity. 16,67,85,86,89 In California alone, the largest RO desalination plant in the United States (Carlsbad, Ca.) recently came online with a capacity of 190,000 m 3 [56,000 acre-feet (AFY)] per year and a median cost of approximately $2100 to $2500 per acre-foot, approximately 2× to 4× the cost of other water sources in that same region.…”

Section: Reverse Osmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and opportunities at the nexus of energy, water, and food: A perspective from the southwest United States

Armstrong

Shallcross

Ogden

et al. 2018

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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“…A number of different studies have examined numerical optimization of RO processes, including optimization under different feed concentrations [13], optimization of energy costs based on electricity supply [14], optimization for both capital and operational costs [15], and optimization considering membrane fouling [16]. All of these works only considered the RO process itself in rather than a broader systems-oriented approach.…”

Section: Related Work Optimization Of Reverse Osmosis Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization for Large-Scale Reverse Osmosis Systems

Honda

Zubair

et al. 2014

Volume 2A: 40th Design Automation Conference

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Large-scale desalination plants are complex systems with many inter-disciplinary interactions and different levels of subsystem hierarchy. Advanced complex systems design tools have been shown to have a positive impact on design in aerospace and automotive, but have generally not been used in the design of water systems. This work presents a multi-disciplinary design optimization approach to desalination system design to minimize the total water production cost of a 30,000m 3 /day capacity reverse osmosis plant situated in the Middle East, with a focus on comparing monolithic with distributed optimization architectures. A hierarchical multi-disciplinary model is constructed to capture the entire system's functional components and subsystem interactions. Three different multi-disciplinary design optimization (MDO) architectures are then compared to find the optimal plant design that minimizes total water cost. The architectures include the monolithic architecture multidisciplinary feasible (MDF), individual disciplinary feasible (IDF) and the distributed architecture analytical target cascading (ATC). The results demonstrate that an MDF architecture was the most efficient for finding the optimal design, while a distributed MDO approach such as analytical target cascading is also a suitable approach for optimal design of desalination plants, but optimization performance may depend on initial conditions.

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Optimization of energy costs for SWRO desalination plants

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

How RO membrane permeability and other performance factors affect process cost and energy use: A review

How RO membrane permeability and other performance factors affect process cost and energy use: A review

Challenges and opportunities at the nexus of energy, water, and food: A perspective from the southwest United States

Multi-Disciplinary Design Optimization for Large-Scale Reverse Osmosis Systems

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