Optimization of folate deposition in eggs through dietary supplementation of folic acid over the entire production cycle of Hy-Line W36, Hy-Line W98, and CV20 laying hens

Dickson, T. M.; Tactacan, G. B.; Hebert, K.; Guenter, W.; House, James D.

doi:10.3382/japr.2009-00099

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In terms of egg folate concentration and indices of folate status, our results were again similar with results from earlier studies (Sherwood et al, 1993;House et al, 2002;Hebert et al, 2005;Roth-Maier and Böhmer, 2007;Bunchasak and Kachana, 2009;Hoey et al, 2009;Dickson et al, 2010;Tactacan et al, 2010). The concentration of folate in eggs from birds supplemented with FA (10 or 100 mg of FA/kg of diet) increase significantly (approximately twice as much) compared with that of birds fed the control diet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The adaptive transport of folic acid in the intestine of laying hens with increased supplementation of dietary folic acid

Tactacan¹,

Rodríguez-Lecompte²,

House

2012

Poultry Science

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Different aspects of folic acid (FA) transport in the intestine of the laying hen have been characterized. Less is known about the adaptive response of this process to a dietary challenge. To this end, a study was conducted to evaluate the effect of increased dietary FA supplementation on the rate of intestinal FA transport and the expression of the intestinal folate transporter genes, the proton-coupled folate transporters (PCFT) and the reduced folate carrier (RFC), in the laying hen. Twenty-four Shaver White hens at 34 wk of age were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 dietary treatments: 1) basal diet with no supplemental folate (n = 8), 2) basal diet + 10 mg/kg of crystalline FA (n = 8), and 3) basal diet + 100 mg/kg of crystalline FA (n = 8). A completely randomized design with 3 dietary treatments was used. Production performance was not affected by FA supplementation; however, egg and plasma folate concentrations increased (P < 0.001), whereas plasma homocysteine concentrations decreased (P < 0.011) in birds fed 10 or 100 mg of FA/kg of diet, relative to controls. Mucosal to serosal uptake of FA in the duodenum was decreased (P < 0.002), but the mRNA levels of the duodenal PCFT and RFC genes were not affected when birds were fed 10 or 100 mg of FA/kg of diet. In the jejunum, the mucosal to serosal uptake of FA, as well as the mRNA levels of the PCFT and RFC genes, were not influenced by increased FA supplementation. Overall, increased dietary levels of FA resulted in decreased transport of FA in the duodenum but not in the jejunum of laying hens. This decrease was not associated with decreased mRNA expression of the duodenal PCFT and RFC genes. Therefore, a posttranscriptional or translational adaptation of the intestinal folate transporters may be involved in the much lower transport of FA in the duodenum of laying hens during increased dietary supplementation of FA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The adaptive transport of folic acid in the intestine of laying hens with increased supplementation of dietary folic acid

Tactacan¹,

Rodríguez-Lecompte²,

House

2012

Poultry Science

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“…Previous studies have shown that optimum deposition of folate in eggs is achieved at 4 mg/kg of FA supplementation (House et al, 2002;Hebert et al, 2005;Dickson et al, 2010), and therefore in this study, we aimed to determine whether the same level could be optimal for immunocompetence and disease resistance in young laying hens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous studies with laying hens have demonstrated that maximum deposition of folate in the egg is attained when folie acid is supplemented at 4 mg/kg of diet (Hebert et al, 2005;Dickson et al, 2010). However, immunomodulatory effects of dietary FA supplementation at this level in young laying hens (24 to 32 wk of age) have not been established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Immunomodulation in young laying hens by dietary folic acid and acute immune responses after challenge with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

Munyaka

Tactacan²,

Jing³

et al. 2012

Poultry Science

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We investigated the effects of dietary folic acid (FA) supplementation on immunological parameters in young laying hens under acute conditions of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Twenty-four Shaver White laying hens at 24 wk were fed 2 diets in a completely randomized design. The diets were wheat-soybean based, with either 0 or 4 mg of supplemental FA per kilogram of diet. At 32 wk of age, 6 hens from each dietary treatment were injected intravenously with 8 mg/kg of BW of either LPS or saline. Four hours after injection, blood was collected and the hens were euthanized to obtain spleen and cecal tonsils. Heterophil:lymphocyte ratio, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and CD4+:CD8+ cells in the blood and spleen were not affected by dietary FA. Relative to saline-injected hens, LPS-injected hens had fewer (P < 0.05) CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+:CD8+ cells in the blood, and no difference was found in the spleen. Total protein, albumin, and globulin were found to be higher (P < 0.05) in FA-supplemented hens compared with the control. However, total protein, albumin, and globulins decreased (P < 0.05) in the LPS-injected hens compared with the saline control. Expression of interleukin (IL)-1β in cecal tonsils decreased (P < 0.05) in FA-supplemented hens, but no dietary influence was found on the expression of other genes in both the spleen and cecal tonsils. Lipopolysaccharide upregulated (P < 0.05) expression of IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ in the spleen, and IL-1β, IL-10, and IFN-γ in the cecal tonsils, whereas the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and IL-8 was not influenced by LPS in the spleen and cecal tonsils. There was a diet × challenge interaction for total IgG, and cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in the spleen as well as IL-18 in the cecal tonsils. In conclusion, there were few interactions of dietary FA and LPS; however, FA increased biochemical constituents, enhanced generation of total IgG, as well as exhibiting pleoitropic effects in inflammatory responses.

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“…Folic acid, the chemically most stable form of folate, is inexpensive to produce and therefore used for dietary supplements and food fortification (Gregory, 1996). We, and others, have previously shown that enrichment of eggs with folate can be achieved when dietary FA levels are increased, and the maximum deposition is attained when FA is supplemented at 4 mg/kg of diet (House et al, 2002;Hebert et al, 2005;Dickson et al, 2010). However, it remains unknown whether supplemental FA may provide additional benefits when laying hens are challenged with LPS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Performance, serum biochemical responses, and gene expression of intestinal folate transporters of young and older laying hens in response to dietary folic acid supplementation and challenge with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

et al. 2014

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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary folic acid (FA) supplementation on performance, serum biochemical indices, and mRNA abundance of intestinal folate transporters in young and older laying hens after acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Two experiments were conducted separately involving 48 Shaver White young laying hens (24 wk of age) in experiment 1 and 48 Shaver White older laying hens (58 wk of age) in experiment 2. Birds were fed 2 diets in a complete randomized design. The diets were wheat-soybean meal based, with or without supplemental 4 mg of FA/kg of diet. Birds were fed for 8 wk, during which time feed consumption and egg production were monitored. At the end of each feeding experiment, 6 hens from each dietary treatment were injected intravenously with 8 mg/kg of BW of either Escherichia coli LPS or sterile saline. Four hours after injection, blood and intestinal samples were collected for further analysis. Compared with the control, dietary FA supplementation increased egg weight and egg mass and decreased serum glucose levels in the young laying hens, and reduced serum uric acid in the older laying hens (P < 0.05). Relative to saline injection, plasma homocysteine, serum calcium, and phosphorus levels were found to be lower in both young and older laying hens after LPS challenge (P < 0.05). Other serum biochemical variables and the mRNA expression of 2 folate transport genes in the small and large intestine were differentially affected by LPS challenge, and some of those responses varied with the age of the birds. Additionally, interactions between diet and LPS challenge were specifically found in the older laying hens. In summary, in addition to improving production performance, there were effects of dietary FA supplementation and its interaction with LPS challenge on biochemical constituents, and age played a role in the development of responses to diet and bacterial LPS infections.

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Optimization of folate deposition in eggs through dietary supplementation of folic acid over the entire production cycle of Hy-Line W36, Hy-Line W98, and CV20 laying hens

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

The adaptive transport of folic acid in the intestine of laying hens with increased supplementation of dietary folic acid

The adaptive transport of folic acid in the intestine of laying hens with increased supplementation of dietary folic acid

Immunomodulation in young laying hens by dietary folic acid and acute immune responses after challenge with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

Performance, serum biochemical responses, and gene expression of intestinal folate transporters of young and older laying hens in response to dietary folic acid supplementation and challenge with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

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