Optimization of hyaluronic acid production and its cytotoxicity and degradability characteristics

Abstract

In the present study, culture conditions of Streptococcus equi was optimized through Box-Behnken experimental design for hyaluronic acid production. About 0.87 gL of hyaluronic acid was produced under the determined conditions and optimal conditions were found as 38.42 °C, 24 hr and 250 rpm. The validity and practicability of this statistical optimization strategy were confirmed relation between predicted and experimental values. The hyaluronic acid obtained under optimal conditions was characterized. The effects of different conditions such as ultraviolet light, temperature and enzymatic degradation on hyaluronic acid produced under optimal conditions were determined. 118 °C for 32 min of autoclaved HA sample included 63.09 µg mL of d-glucuronic acid, which is about two-fold of enzymatic effect. Cytotoxicity of hyaluronic acid on human dermal cells (HUVEC, HaCaT), L929 and THP-1 cells was studied. In vitro effect on pro or anti-inflammatory cytokine release of THP-1 cells was determined. Although it varies depending on the concentration, cytotoxicity of hyaluronic acid is between 5 and 30%. However, it varies depending on the concentration of hyaluronic acid, TNF-α release was not much increased compared to control study. Consequently, purification procedure is necessary to develop and it is worth developing the bacterial hyaluronic acid.

Applications of Hyaluronic Acid in Ophthalmology and Contact Lenses

“…Microbial fermentation has been widely used to produce HA but the safety and compatibility with the human body of such HA is of the utmost concern [ 4 , 6 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Numerous toxicity assays of HA have demonstrated that in terms of cytotoxicity, L929 mouse fibroblast cells have no toxic effect [ 7 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. The carcinogenicity of HA was tested by the mouse, and no tumor growth was observed after delivered through oral administration of 200 mg/day for 4 weeks [ 7 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Native Spider Silk-Based Antimicrobial Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications

“…It demonstrates that spider silk somehow influences hyaluronic acid’s ability to reduce cell metabolic activity. The decrease in cell viability for hyaluronic acid hydrogels was also observed by parallel studies with hyaluronic acid above 1 mg/mL of concentration on different cell lines [ 100 , 101 ]. Moreover, it is important to note that spider silk showed the ability to neutralize the negative effects of hyaluronic acid.…”

Characterization of the Impact of Classical Cell‐culture Media on the Response of Electrochemical Sensors

“…However, the effect was less pronounced for concentrations above 500 μg/mL. It has been shown previously that at concentrations of 5 %–30 %, under certain conditions, HA can be even cytotoxic [38]. As a polyanion, it can interact with media components at high concentrations in vitro .…”