Optimization of Nicotine Extraction from Tobacco Using Supercritical Fluid Technology with Dynamic Extraction Modeling

Abstract

The influence of particle size, cell geometry, and packing of the extraction cell was investigated for the extraction of nicotine from tobacco using supercritical CO2 modified with methanol using the hot-ball model of Bartle et al. (1990). When the tobacco was powdered to a particle size of 125−355 μm, the optimum extraction time was reduced by 15 min. Within this particle size range, particle size did not influence the recovery of nicotine so that a time-consuming sieving step is not required. The presence of water during the extraction step, which was introduced either by the packing material or by addition to the mobile phase, is important in order to desorp the nicotine from the cellulose matrix in the shortest possible time. Keywords: Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE); tobacco, nicotine

Isolation of Tetra-acyl Sucrose Esters from Turkish Tobacco Using Supercritical Fluid CO2 and Comparison with Conventional Solvent Extraction

“…In the past decade, supercritical fluids have been used for extraction of different components from tobacco and tobacco byproducts. For example, methanol-modified carbon dioxide has been used to remove nicotine from tobacco (8). The same fluid was also used to quantitatively remove N-nitrosamines from both smokeless tobacco and cigarettes (9)(10)(11).…”

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Nicotiana tabacum Leaves: Optimization of Extraction Yield and Nicotine Content

“…The SC CO 2 extraction has been used for removing nicotine [ 20 ]. It was proposed that the moisture and compounds present in plant material influence the extraction yield of nicotine [ 13 ]. The results obtained indicated that the pressure has a significant influence on nicotine yield [ 11 , 14 , 21 ].…”

“…The mixture of tobacco varieties, in form of 32.5% flue-cured, 19.9% Burley, 1.2% Maryland, 11.1% Oriental and 27.1% reconstituted, has been used for the SC CO 2 extraction of nicotine under the pressure of 26 MPa and temperature of 70 °C [ 10 ]. The influence of particle size, cell geometry and packing of the extraction cell was investigated for the extraction of nicotine from the tobacco using cosolvent, 12 cm 3 MeOH:41.2 mM KH 2 PO 4 = 2:3, under the pressure of 13.7 MPa, temperature of 100 °C for 35 min [ 13 ]. Tobacco waste, derived from tobacco leaves and obtained during tobacco processing, has been used for the extraction of nicotine by SC CO 2 extraction [ 14 ].…”

Salt Effect on Ethanol-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems Applied to Alkaloids Partition: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach

“…In general, alkaloids are important for different areas of the economy, industry, trade, and services and can be used in some applications as well as agricultural insecticide or health medicines. , The nicotine detection in trace levels is crucial, considering its addictive property . Meanwhile, caffeine plays an important role in the medical field and sports science, − and food engineering. , Common methods used for extraction of these alkaloids, such as supercritical carbon dioxide, − liquid–liquid − and solid–liquid extraction with organic solvents, present low extraction yields. Besides, these methods can generate undesirable compounds, in addition to using toxic organic solvents …”