Optimization of pump and signal powers for wavelength converters based on FWM in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Summerfield, M.A.; Tucker, R.S.

doi:10.1109/68.536640

Cited by 56 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Similar to Summerfield and Tucker [21], we have found that operating at a P/Q ratio of 3 dB is not optimal. The converter shows relatively flat, consistent performance for P/Q ratios ranging from about 5-15 dB or equivalently a dynamic input power range of about 10 dB.…”

Section: Pump-to-probe Ratiosupporting

confidence: 55%

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Wavelength conversion for WDM communication systems using four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Geraghty

Lee

Verdiell

et al. 1997

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

108

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Abstract-Four-wave mixing (FWM) in semiconductor optical amplifiers is an attractive mechanism for wavelength conversion in wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems since it provides modulation format and bit rate transparency over wide tuning ranges. A series of systems experiments evaluating several aspects of the performance of these devices at bit rates of 2.5 and 10 Gb/s are presented. Included are single-channel conversion over 18 nm of shift at 10 Gb/s, multichannel conversion, and cascaded conversions. In addition time resolved spectral analysis of wavelength conversion is presented.

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Section: Pump-to-probe Ratiosupporting

confidence: 55%

“…However, it has previously been shown that this ratio is not optimal for the case of a modulated input signal [21]. Modulating a high percentage of the input power to the SOA can induce modulation of the SOA gain and cause ISI.…”

Section: Pump-to-probe Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength conversion for WDM communication systems using four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Geraghty

Lee

Verdiell

et al. 1997

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

108

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“…Early studies of the nature of FWM in semiconductor traveling wave amplifiers has pointed out that the most dominant source of FWM in SOAs is the creation of gain and index gratings through the periodic modulation of the injected carriers in the device by the traveling pump and probe waves (Agrawal, 1987). Early demonstrations of wavelength conversion based on degenerate FWM in SOAs, date to the early 90', and were dedicated to the methodical characterization of the convertors in terms of conversion penalty and equivalent noise figure (Mecozzi et al, 1995;Summerfield & Tucker, 1996). In order to reduce the conversion penalty as well as lower the effective noise figure of the convertors, power levels of pump and probe signals was set so that the SOA was deeply saturated.…”

Section: Four Wave Mixing Based Wavelength Convertorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers and their Application for All Optical Wavelength Conversion

Raz¹

2011

Advances in Optical Amplifiers

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“…For the low-input power regime, the power margin drops because of insufficient optical SNR's on the converted signals, while on the highpower end, the margin is reduced because the laser oscillation is partially quenched and, therefore, the pump power is lower. Notice that the nature of this degradation at high input power is expected to be fundamentally different from that of a nonlasing wavelength converter [13]. In particular, the value of the gain is clamped at the threshold value in the self-pumped device whereas it experiences saturation in a conventional nonlasing converter.…”

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confidence: 99%

Folded-path self-pumped wavelength converter based on four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier

Hunziker

Paiella

Ziari

et al. 1997

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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Abstract-A four-wave mixing wavelength converter with no external pump laser and very low input signal power requirements is characterized. The wavelength conversion occurs inside a high-reflection/antireflection coated semiconductor optical amplifier pigtailed with a fiber Bragg grating. The pump signal is provided by the lasing mode at the Bragg wavelength. A 1-mW optical signal modulated at 2.5 Gb/s is converted over 9 nm with error rates below 10 09 . To be technologically competitive, wave-mixing frequency converters need good conversion efficiency, high signalto-noise ratio (SNR) on the converted signal, and reduced complexity. In this letter, we present a promising four-wave mixing (FWM) technique that addresses these three criteria simultaneously. Index Terms-CommunicationA straightforward strategy to improve the FWM performance in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA's) is to increase the amplifier gain-length product and/or the pump power. This has led to good converter performance, using high-power erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA's) and long . The self-pumped (lasing) and folded-path configuration proposed in this letter is a candidate to implement the gain-length optimization strategy. Folding the modulated signal path by reflection off one of the cavity mirrors doubles the interaction length, while the lasing action maintains the gain (and hence, the nonlinearity) clamped at the threshold value (as opposed to external pumping where the gain is saturated by the total input power). Furthermore, the fiber Bragg grating used at the other end of the lasing cavity can, in principle, be optimized to achieve high internal lasing power and good pump suppression at the output. Although the pump is not tunable in the present configuration, a similar scheme using a tunable DBR mirror instead of a Bragg grating could be envisioned. The converter is a small external cavity semiconductor laser, where the feedback is provided on one end of the semiconductor by a high-reflection coating, and on the other end (antireflection coated) by a pigtailed fiber Bragg grating (see Fig. 1). The cavity length and reflectivity profiles are optimized for single-mode laser oscillation. The active region is 500-m-long, temperature controlled, and biased at 170 mA. The lasing threshold is 32 mA and the pump output power at the operating point is 7.5 dBm. Modulated input signals (with wavelengths outside of the Bragg reflection bandwidth) are injected into the cavity through the Bragg grating using a bidirectional coupler. The converted signal is collected from the other input arm of the coupler. A tunable external-cavity semiconductor laser is externally modulated at 2.5 Gb/s by a pseudorandom bit stream (2 1 PRBS, no

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Optimization of pump and signal powers for wavelength converters based on FWM in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Wavelength conversion for WDM communication systems using four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Wavelength conversion for WDM communication systems using four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifiers

Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers and their Application for All Optical Wavelength Conversion

Folded-path self-pumped wavelength converter based on four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier

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