Optimization of Submerged Culture Parameters of the Aphid Pathogenic Fungus Fusarium equiseti Based on Sporulation and Mycelial Biomass

Abstract

Fusarium equiseti (JMF-01), as an entomopathogenic fungus, can effectively control agricultural pests and has the potential to be a biocontrol agent. To promote mycelial growth and sporulation, we investigated the optimal submerged culture conditions for F. equiseti. In this study, we used the single-factor method and Box–Behnken design and determined the virulence of the submerged culture against Myzus persicae after optimization. As a result, the highly significant factors affecting the spore concentration of strain JMF-01 were the primary inoculum density and the initial pH, and the highly significant factor affecting the mycelial biomass was the medium-to-flask ratio. The highest mycelial biomass value was 0.35 g when the incubation time was 5.68 days, the initial pH was 5.11, the medium-to-flask ratio was 0.43, and 1 mL of the primary inoculum with spore density of 0.97 × 107 conidia/mL was added. When the incubation time was 6.32 days, the initial pH was 4.46, the medium-to-flask ratio was 0.35, the primary inoculum density was 1.32 × 107 conidia/mL of 1 mL, and the highest spore concentration of 6.49 × 108 blastospores/mL was obtained. Compared with the unoptimized medium conditions, the optimized submerged culture had the highest mycelial biomass and spore concentration, which were 3.46 and 2.06 times higher, respectively. The optimized submerged culture was highly pathogenic toward M. persicae, reaching a 95% mortality rate. Our results provide optimal submerged culture conditions for F. equiseti and lay the basis for later research to expand production for pest control.

Uncovering the Effects of the Cultivation Condition on Different Forms of Peptaibol’s Emericellipsins Production from an Alkaliphilic Fungus, Emericellopsis alkalina

“…Fungal morphology is an essential criterion that determines the mycelial growth rate and the properties of the fermentation broth in the producers' cultures [32][33][34][35]. In the present work, microscopic observations of morphological features of E. alkalina cultured in different conditions and at different pH values were performed.…”

Mycoprotein: production and nutritional aspects: a review

“…The ensuing step involves the formulation of a nutrient-rich fermentation medium replete with carbon and nitrogen sources, vitamins, minerals, and other essential growth constituents. 21 Subsequently, the prepared inoculum is introduced into the fermentation medium, serving as the source of fungal biomass and protein synthesis. The ensuing fermentation stage, executed within controlled bioreactors or fermentation vessels, demands precise regulation of environmental parameters encompassing temperature, pH, oxygen availability, and agitation.…”

An Environmentally Safe Production of Xylanases by Fusarium sp. EA 1.3.1 Using Agroindustrial Residues: Biochemical Characterization and Potential Applications

“…Among the main producers of xylanases, which are frequently used in industrial processes, the genera Trichoderma and Aspergillus stand out. However, Fusarium species have also been reported as promising organisms for the production of these enzymes [20].…”