Optimization of the centre of mass position of a racing motorcycle in dry and wet track by means of the &amp;#x201C;Optimal Maneuver Method&amp;#x201D;

Cossalter, Vittore; Lot, Roberto; Tavernini, Davide

doi:10.1109/icmech.2013.6518572

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Later on, the MTLS problem was formulated as an optimal control problem and the assumption of the free-trajectory has been introduced. In optimal maneuver problems, we can distinguish two vehicle models: transient (e.g., [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]) and quasi-steady-state [20][21][22][23][24]. Transient vehicle models provide information about the transient behavior of the vehicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Road Model on the Optimal Maneuver of a Racing Motorcycle

Biniewicz,

Pyrz

2024

Applied Sciences

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Motorcycle motion is largely influenced by the road geometry, which alters the allowable accelerations in longitudinal and lateral directions and influences the vertical wheel loads. Recently, a method for three-dimensional road reconstruction and its incorporation into transient and quasi-steady-state (QSS) minimum lap time simulations (MLTSs) has been proposed. The main purpose of this work is to demonstrate how significantly different results from a minimum lap time optimal control problem can be obtained when using inappropriate elevation data sources in the track reconstruction problem, and how the road model reconstructed using poor input data can lead to misleading conclusions when analyzing real vehicle and driver performances. Two road models derived from high- and low-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) are compared and their impact on the optimal maneuver of a racing motorcycle is examined. The essentials of track identification are presented, as well as vehicle positioning on the 3D road and the generalized QSS motorcycle model. Obtained 3D and 2D road models are analyzed in detail, on a case example of the Road Atlanta racetrack, and used in minimum lap time simulations, which are validated by the experimental data recorded on the Supersport motorcycle. The comparative analysis showed that great care should be taken when selecting the elevation dataset in the track reconstruction process, and that the 1 m resolution local DEMs seem to be sufficient to obtain MLTS results close to the measured ones. The example of using the 3D free-trajectory QSS minimum lap time problem to localize the track segments where real driver actions can be improved is also presented. The differences between simulation results on different road models of the same racetrack can be large and influence the interpretation of optimal maneuver.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Road Model on the Optimal Maneuver of a Racing Motorcycle

Biniewicz,

Pyrz

2024

Applied Sciences

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“…Most riders use the two-wheeled scooter as it is economical in relation to maintenance and operation (2). The number of two-wheeled scooter accidents decreased from 18,982 cases to 17,611 cases from 2016 to 2018. However, the number of twowheeled scooter accidents was 20,989 cases in 2019, an increase of 18.7% from the previous year.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Will et al analyzed the g-g diagram composed of the combination of longitudinal and lateral accelerations using four scooters for twelve riders and distinguished three types of riding profiles (14). Most of the existing research analyzed the riding characteristics of powered two-wheeler data collected through devices such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and GPS sensors to detect unsafe events (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Monitoring Framework for Riding Safety of Delivery Scooters using 100 Naturalistic Riding Study (NRS) Data

Cho

et al. 2023

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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A traffic safety issue of two-wheeled delivery scooters is emerging because of the rapid increase in demand for food delivery services. In particular, the strict restriction of delivery time leads to aggressive and dangerous riding behavior that causes a high risk of crash occurrence. Systematic traffic safety management is required to effectively prevent crashes of delivery scooters. The objective of this study is to develop a monitoring framework for riding safety that informs when, where, and how serious safety problems occur. High-resolution riding behavior data obtained by an inertial measurement unit sensor installed on delivery scooters, as part of the Korean 100 naturalistic riding study (K-100NRS), were used for developing the methodology. The proposed monitoring framework consists of two components: an unsafe riding event detection algorithm and a method to identify the spatial and temporal identification of riding risks. The ratio of frequency of unsafe events to total riding time for each rider is defined as a monitoring index, which is referred to as the riding risk index in this study. Approximately 95% detection accuracy was achievable by the developed detection algorithm. In addition, the level of riding safety for each rider was evaluated based on the proposed methodology. As an application, a visualization of detected unsafe events was presented for the purpose of riding safety monitoring.

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“…Among those studies, only one however deals with a hybrid vehicle [22]. For motorcycles models, fewer examples of optimal control work exist [2,[10][11][12]33], and none of them regard an electric motorcycle. Optimisation studies related to electric vehicles have thus far been performed with other strategies than optimal control simulations [13,19,31,32,38,39], even though optimal control theory could be applied, as already demonstrated by [22,29,34].…”

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confidence: 99%

Lap time simulation and design optimisation of a brushed DC electric motorcycle for the Isle of Man TT Zero Challenge

Bianco

Lot

Matthys

2017

Vehicle System Dynamics

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This works regards the design of an electric motorcycle for the annual Isle of Man TT Zero Challenge. Optimal control theory was used to perform lap time simulation and design optimisation. A bespoked model was developed, featuring 3D road topology, vehicle dynamics and electric power train, composed of a lithium battery pack, brushed DC motors and motor controller. The model runs simulations over the entire 37.73mi or 60km of the Snaefell Mountain Course. The work is validated using experimental data from the BX chassis of the Brunel Racing team, which ran during the 2009 to 2015 TT Zero races. Optimal control is used to improve drive train and power train configurations. Findings demonstrate computational efficiency, good lap time prediction and design optimisation potential, achieving a 2 minute reduction of the reference lap time through changes in final drive gear ratio, battery pack size and motor configuration.

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Optimization of the centre of mass position of a racing motorcycle in dry and wet track by means of the “Optimal Maneuver Method”

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Influence of the Road Model on the Optimal Maneuver of a Racing Motorcycle

Influence of the Road Model on the Optimal Maneuver of a Racing Motorcycle

Monitoring Framework for Riding Safety of Delivery Scooters using 100 Naturalistic Riding Study (NRS) Data

Lap time simulation and design optimisation of a brushed DC electric motorcycle for the Isle of Man TT Zero Challenge

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