Optimized maritime emergency resource allocation under dynamic demand

Abstract

Emergency resource is important for people evacuation and property rescue when accident occurs. The relief efforts could be promoted by a reasonable emergency resource allocation schedule in advance. As the marine environment is complicated and changeful, the place, type, severity of maritime accident is uncertain and stochastic, bringing about dynamic demand of emergency resource. Considering dynamic demand, how to make a reasonable emergency resource allocation schedule is challenging. The key problem is to determine the optimal stock of emergency resource for supplier centers to improve relief efforts. This paper studies the dynamic demand, and which is defined as a set. Then a maritime emergency resource allocation model with uncertain data is presented. Afterwards, a robust approach is developed and used to make sure that the resource allocation schedule performs well with dynamic demand. Finally, a case study shows that the proposed methodology is feasible in maritime emergency resource allocation. The findings could help emergency manager to schedule the emergency resource allocation more flexibly in terms of dynamic demand.

Water search and rescue (SAR) for ship accidents in China: analysis of 12 years’ data

“…In the current study, we retrospectively retrieved data on the water traffic volume between 2008 and 2019 and divided it into the annual water passenger volume, annual water freight volume, annual number of transportation ships, annual total ship carrying capacity, annual number of persons in distress, annual number of ship accidents, SAR success rate, and dispatched SAR forces and were analyzed statistically. We found an increase in water traffic volume and ship carrying capacity, but a reduction in the number of (20)(21)(22). As soon as a request for help is received, SAR workers are immediately contacted by the CMSRC via the coordination of professional rescue ships operated by government or social welfare organization, military ships, nearby fishing ships, passing ships, and/or helicopters to rescue the ships and persons in distress (19)(20)(21).…”

“…To ensure that the SAR commands and coordination instructions are promptly and rapidly implemented and executed, by the end of 2021, the CMSRC has established 14 branches along the approximately 18,000 km of Chinese coastline and the Yangtze River Main Line (20). Additionally, a series of regulations and laws have been formulated and applied by the CMSRC, such as the law of the People's Republic of China on Maritime Traffic Safety, National Maritime Search and Rescue Regulations, and National Maritime Search and Rescue Emergency Plan (20)(21)(22). Our current study revealed a reduction in the number of deaths caused by distress, ship collisions, and ship collisionrelated accidents, although there was an increase in water traffic volume and ship carrying capacity without significant changes in the locations and causes of annual ship accidents or the success rate between 2008 and 2019.…”

“…In China between 2008 and 2019, there was an increase in ship cargo and passenger capacity but a decrease in the number of transportation ships, indicating that the size of the ships increased in China. According to the regulations of the CMSRC and International Maritime Organization, ships >25 m in length must be equipped with an automatic identification system, vessel traffic services (VTS), and modern navigational devices to provide related information and real-time data (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). VTS and other navigation services, as well as better ship design, can improve the safety and efficiency of ship traffic through monitoring of the ship's position, course, speed, and identity for better navigation in the appropriate watercourse and therefore reduce the risk of ship collisions (24,26,27).…”

“…The CMSRC operates 24 h/day to comply with regulation 1/21 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS 1974), and The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL 73/78) ( 20 - 22 ). As soon as a request for help is received, SAR workers are immediately contacted by the CMSRC via the coordination of professional rescue ships operated by government or social welfare organization, military ships, nearby fishing ships, passing ships, and/or helicopters to rescue the ships and persons in distress ( 19 - 21 ). To ensure that the SAR commands and coordination instructions are promptly and rapidly implemented and executed, by the end of 2021, the CMSRC has established 14 branches along the approximately 18,000 km of Chinese coastline and the Yangtze River Main Line ( 20 ).…”

Optimal scheduling of emergency resources for major maritime oil spills considering time-varying demand and transportation networks

“…Sarhadi et al (2020) present a robust optimization approach to the problem of designing emergency response networks for marine oil spills given uncertainty in the location, size and type of the spill. Zhang et al (2017b) propose a maritime emergency resource allocation model with a robust approach to deal with the uncertainty of location, type and severity of oil spills. However, the research on post-disaster maritime emergency logistics is still in preliminary exploration.…”