Optimizing on-farm pretreatment of perennial grasses for fuel ethanol production

Digman, Matthew F.; Shinners, K. J.; Casler, Michael D.; Dien, Bruce S.; Hatfield, Ronald D.; Jung, H. G.; Muck, R. E.; Weimer, Paul J.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.014

Cited by 91 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The enzymatic hydrolysis results matched the levels obtained in previous studies including CC of ensiled green biomasses such as clover-grass and reed canary grass [12,13]. Ensiling of these biomasses was found to facilitate a CC of 42% and 30% respectively, which in the case of clover-grass were an improvement ratio of 1.47.…”

Section: Effect Of Ensiling On Enzymatic Hydrolysissupporting

confidence: 74%

Ensiling as biological pretreatment of grass (Festulolium Hykor): The effect of composition, dry matter, and inocula on cellulose convertibility

Ambye‐Jensen

Johansen

Didion

et al. 2013

Biomass and Bioenergy

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. (2013). Ensiling as biological pretreatment of grass (Festulolium Hykor): The effect of composition, dry matter, and inocula on cellulose convertibility. Biomass & Bioenergy, 58, 303-312. DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2013 Our reference: JBB 3333 Dear Author, Please check your proof carefully and mark all corrections at the appropriate place in the proof (e.g., by using on-screen annotation in the PDF file) or compile them in a separate list. Note: if you opt to annotate the file with software other than Adobe Reader then please also highlight the appropriate place in the PDF file. To ensure fast publication of your paper please return your corrections within 48 hours.For correction or revision of any artwork, please consult http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions.Any queries or remarks that have arisen during the processing of your manuscript are listed below and highlighted by flags in the proof. Location in articleQuery / Remark: Click on the Q link to find the query's location in text Please insert your reply or correction at the corresponding line in the proof Q1 As Refs.[3] and [28] were identical, the latter has been removed from the reference list and subsequent references have been renumbered. Q2Please confirm that given names and surnames have been identified correctly.Please check this box or indicate your approval if you have no corrections to make to the PDF file , Thank you for your assistance. HighlightsEnsiling is studied as a pretreatment for cellulolytic conversion of grass.Ensiling is shown to improve enzymatic cellulose convertibility of grass. Low dry matter improved the ensiling process for organic acids production. High levels of lactic acid after ensiling improved enzymatic cellulose conversion. Grass composition prior to ensiling affected ensiling and cellulose convertibility. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 b i o m a s s a n d b i o e n e r g y x x x ( 2 0 1 3 ) 1 production, but the low dry matter in grass at harvest calls for new pretreatment strategies for cellulosic conversion. In this study, ensiling was tested as a biological pretreatment method of the high yielding grass variety Festulolium Hykor. The biomass was harvested in four cuts over a growing season. Three important factors of ensiling: biomass composition, dry matter (DM) at ensiling, and inoculation of lactic acid bacteria, were assessed in relation to subsequent enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis. The organic acid profile after ensiling was dependant on the composition of the grass and the DM, rather than on the inocula.High levels of organic acids, notably lactic acid, produced during ensiling improved enzymatic cellulose convertibility in the grass biomass. Ensiling of less mature grass gave higher convertibility. Low DM at ensiling (<25%) resulted in the highest cellulose convertibilities, which ranged from 32 to 70% of the available cellulose in the four cuts after ensiling. The study confirms...

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Section: Effect Of Ensiling On Enzymatic Hydrolysissupporting

confidence: 74%

Ensiling as biological pretreatment of grass (Festulolium Hykor): The effect of composition, dry matter, and inocula on cellulose convertibility

Ambye‐Jensen

Johansen

Didion

et al. 2013

Biomass and Bioenergy

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“…A previously developed near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration was used to predict cell wall glucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, uronic acids based on the Uppsala Total Dietary Fiber Method and Klason Lignin [13]. Prediction, outlier detection, data transformation and sample prediction were automated using WinISI (Version 1.5, Infrasoft International LLC, State College, PA), a commercial chemometrics package.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-scale On-farm Pretreatment of Perennial Grasses with Dilute Acid for Fuel Ethanol Production

et al. 2010

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Biorefineries that rely on lignocellulosic feedstocks require dependable and safe methods for storing biomass. Storing biomass wet in the presence of sulfuric acid and the absence of oxygen has been shown to preserve carbohydrates and enhance cellulose conversion but has not been demonstrated at farm-scale. To that end, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) were pretreated with 18N sulfuric acid with two methods: during bagging (on-line) and thoroughly mixed in a commercial feed mixer (mixed) and both stored for 90 days. The two methods, applied at rates from 28 to 54 g(kg DM) −1 not only helped to preserve biomass substrates under on-farm conditions (anaerobic, ambient temperature and pressure) through inhibition of microbial activity but also enhanced conversion of cellulose to ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Acid-pretreated substrate yielded 19 and 7 percentage points higher ethanol conversion efficiencies than fresh reed canarygrass and switchgrass, respectively. The on-line method of pretreatment out-yielded the mixed method both as a preservative and as an agent for enhanced cell wall degradation. This result was thought to be an outcome of more uniform acid application as indicated by the on-line method's more consistent pH profile and decreased fermentation products, as compared to the mixed method. Although significant levels of acetate and lactate were present in the biomass following storage, concentrations were not sufficient to inhibit S. cerevisiae in SSFs with a 10% solids loading.

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“…At harvesting, transportation and ensiling, biomass losses do not exceed 2% of the total biomass produced (Bacenetti et al, 2013). Perennial grass biomass was transported into silage trenches and by 155 hp (114 kW) tractor smoothed evenly over the area and compressed to the average on-farm ensiling density of 200 kg m -3 dry matter (DM) density (Digman et al, 2010). Ensiling process naturally occurs due to the presence of organic acids or the use of chemical preservatives.…”

Section: Figure 2 Flow Scheme Of Technological Operations Of Anaerobmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of energy biomass potential and greenhouse gas emissions from biogas production from perennial grasses

Nekrosius

Navickas

Venslauskas

et al. 2014

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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The research was aimed to investigate the energy biomass productivity and biogas production from silage of different perennial grasses with evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions through the entire process from biomass cultivation to processing. The experiments with perennial grasses -cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Scherb.) and reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) were carried out at Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2008-2010. The swards were grown in an Endocalcari-Endohypogleyic Cambisol (CMg-n-w-can), which contained: organic carbon -1.61-1.75%, available P -145-224 mg kg -1 and K -128-158 mg kg -1 , soil pH ranging between 6.7-7.0. The three perennial grass species with varying yields of biomass were used to ensure a steady operation of the selected biogas plant of 500 kW e electric power. The different quantities of biomass feedstock and varying energy input are required for such biogas plant. Therefore all data correspond to a biogas cogeneration plant of 500 kW e electric power. Required land area for the same amount of energy produced depends on species of perennial grasses, rates of fertilization and number of cuts. These results mainly depended on the biomass productivity and biogas yield from dry mass. Biomass yield from dry matter in the first year of use of tall fescue cut twice per vegetation season was higher compared to that cut three times, while cocksfoot and reed canary grass yielded better cut three times compared to cut twice. The highest yield was obtained in tall fescue swards cut twice and fertilized with N 180 . The total balance of greenhouse gas emissions showed their mitigation and ranged from 0.206 to 0.298 kg CO 2 eq kWh -1 .

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Optimizing on-farm pretreatment of perennial grasses for fuel ethanol production

Cited by 91 publications

References 27 publications

Ensiling as biological pretreatment of grass (Festulolium Hykor): The effect of composition, dry matter, and inocula on cellulose convertibility

Ensiling as biological pretreatment of grass (Festulolium Hykor): The effect of composition, dry matter, and inocula on cellulose convertibility

Full-scale On-farm Pretreatment of Perennial Grasses with Dilute Acid for Fuel Ethanol Production

Assessment of energy biomass potential and greenhouse gas emissions from biogas production from perennial grasses

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