Optimizing Sulfide Shape Control in Large HSLA Steel Ingots by Treating the Melt with Calcium or Rare Earths

Haida, Osamu; Emi, Toshihiko; Sanbongi, Koji; Shiraishi, Toshiaki; Fujiwara, Akitoshi

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.64.10_1538

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Sulfide shape control is incomplete throughout the ingots at ACR of 0.2, satisfactory at ACR of 0.4, and then becomes complete at ACR of 1.8. [ 122 ]

$$\text{ACR=} \left(\right. \left[\right.

…”

Section: Methods For Sulfide Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State‐of‐the‐Art in the Control of Sulfides in Steels

Gao,

Zhang

2023

steel research int.

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Sulfides like MnS are common phases in resulfurized free‐cutting steels, and required to be controlled during the hot working process due to its influence on machinability, mechanical and physical properties of final products. This article extensively reviews published researchs on sulfides in resulfurized free‐cutting steels. The formation mechanism and modification of MnS during steelmaking, casting, and heat treatment are discussed based on a number of relevant studies. Measures to control the morphology and number of sulfides are supplied, which are beneficial for the producing of resulfurized free‐cutting steels with high quality. Thermodynamic calculation proves to be an effective method to predict and control sulfides.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…Sulfide shape control is incomplete throughout the ingots at ACR of 0.2, satisfactory at ACR of 0.4, and then becomes complete at ACR of 1.8. [ 122 ]

$$\text{ACR=} \left(\right. \left[\right.

…”

Section: Methods For Sulfide Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the Ca content was higher than S content. [ 122 ] In free‐cutting steels such as ASTM 1215, however, the S content is high. [ 126 ] For example, the S content in 42CrMoS4 is 0.026 wt%.…”

Section: Methods For Sulfide Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

State‐of‐the‐Art in the Control of Sulfides in Steels

Gao,

Zhang

2023

steel research int.

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“…Type II MnS inclusions occur in the core, and specimens taken from cores having average S contents as low as 0.001% can show HIC susceptibility [47,49]. Calcium is sometimes added for shape control of type II MnS inclusions, but excess Ca results in CaS clusters, so that there is a best Ca/S range that depends on the S concentration [50,51].…”

Section: B22 Materials Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen‐Induced Cracking and Sulfide Stress Cracking

Elboujdaîni¹

2011

Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook

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“…The B type inclusions in linepipe steel plates mainly are CaO–Al 2 O 3 or CaO–CaS–Al 2 O 3 system inclusions whose formation closely associates with the Ca treatment in the secondary refining of the steels. Although there have been many studies on inclusions of CaO–Al 2 O 3 and CaO–CaS–Al 2 O 3 system formed due to the Ca treatment, such as the effects of [Ca], [S] contents on types of the inclusions, structure of the inclusions, formation mechanism of inclusions, the investigations on how to eliminate and control the B type inclusions were scarce. Kushida et al reported that the B type inclusions could be the initiation sites of HIC in linepipe steel plates and contents of CaO, CaS, Al 2 O 3 of the inclusions should be suitably controlled to prevent the formation of the B type inclusions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Stringer Shaped Non‐Metallic Inclusions of CaO–Al₂O₃ System in API X80 Linepipe Steel Plates

Wang

et al. 2013

steel research int.

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The stringer shaped B type non‐metallic inclusions in linepipe steel plates deteriorates the properties of low temperature toughness, hydrogen induced crack, etc. At present the formation mechanism and controlling method of B type inclusions in mass production are rarely reported. In this paper, the characteristics, origin, and controlling method of stringer shaped B type non‐metallic inclusions were studied for linepipe steel. The stringer shaped B type non‐metallic inclusions in API X80 linepipe steel plates, produced through “BOF‐LF‐RH‐Ca treatment” steelmaking route, were mainly of CaO–Al2O3 system with lower melting temperatures, which formed because the presence of: (i) small sized liquid inclusions of CaO–Al2O3 system in liquid steel after the secondary refining and Ca treatment. These small inclusions could aggregate to larger ones of 10–20 μm in continuous casting and be deformed into stringer shaped inclusions in steel plates during rolling. (ii) The large sized low melting temperature CaO–Al2O3 inclusions, in Ca treatment, their surface layers could be modified into high melting temperature CaO, CaS, or CaO–CaS system, but the centers were still of CaO–Al2O3 system. During rolling, these inclusions could also be elongated to stringer typed ones because of their soft CaO–Al2O3 centers. A new strategy for control of B type inclusions in linepipe steel plates was adopted. The key of the control was shifted from removing low melting temperature inclusions of CaO–Al2O3 system after Ca treatment to removing as much as possible inclusions especially large sized inclusions before the Ca treatment. With the new strategy, amount of inclusions after RH refining was remarkably decreased and the efficiency of Ca treatment significantly improved. The inclusions found in steel plates were all of high melting temperature CaO–CaS system and the severities of B‐type inclusions have been lowered from “≤2.0” to “0”(ASTM E45 standard).

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Optimizing Sulfide Shape Control in Large HSLA Steel Ingots by Treating the Melt with Calcium or Rare Earths

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

State‐of‐the‐Art in the Control of Sulfides in Steels

State‐of‐the‐Art in the Control of Sulfides in Steels

Hydrogen‐Induced Cracking and Sulfide Stress Cracking

Control of Stringer Shaped Non‐Metallic Inclusions of CaO–Al₂O₃ System in API X80 Linepipe Steel Plates

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Optimizing Sulfide Shape Control in Large HSLA Steel Ingots by Treating the Melt with Calcium or Rare Earths

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

State‐of‐the‐Art in the Control of Sulfides in Steels

State‐of‐the‐Art in the Control of Sulfides in Steels

Hydrogen‐Induced Cracking and Sulfide Stress Cracking

Control of Stringer Shaped Non‐Metallic Inclusions of CaO–Al2O3 System in API X80 Linepipe Steel Plates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Control of Stringer Shaped Non‐Metallic Inclusions of CaO–Al₂O₃ System in API X80 Linepipe Steel Plates