Optimizing the design of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle from the early phase: an advanced sizing methodology

Abstract

A plug-in hybrid electric powertrain, as one of the most promising solutions to increase the fuel economy and to meet the stringent requirements of low emissions urban zones, has been investigated and developed for a light duty commercial vehicle application in this work. The plug-in hybrid electric powertrain combines an advanced small diesel internal combustion engine with a high energy battery pack, capable to assure an extended range in pure electric mode for specific areas, like the low/zero emissions urban zones. Since the right size of the powertrain components is essential to fully exploit the benefits of the hybridization, an advanced methodology has been proposed to optimize the design of the plug-in hybrid powertrain at an early phase. This methodology is based on the genetic algorithm approach for the choice of the powertrain component characteristics, combined with a quasi-optimal energy management strategy that is the Equivalent fuel Consumption Management Strategy (ECMS). The performance of the hybrid electric powertrain which was designed through the proposed methodology were then assessed and analyzed over the Worldwide Harmonized Light Duty Driving Cycle (WLTC) by means of a simulation model, thus demonstrating its effectiveness in addressing the issue of the powertrain components sizing from the early stage of the design process.

Optimal Sizing and Dynamic Energy Source Characteristics of Hybrid Electric Vehicles: A Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

“…In a related study, [89] analyzed an ICE-BU hybrid combination with the optimization goal of reducing CO2 emissions. They used a GA and the equivalent consumption minimization strategy.…”

Sizing of the Propulsion System for a Heavy-Duty Fuel Cell Commercial Vehicle

“…e optimal operation aims to find the optimal operating points for fuel cell to achieve the minimum hydrogen cost, which is determined by the energy management strategy (EMS). e optimal design aims to determine the optimal sizes of vehicle components [5,6].…”

Robust Co-Design for Energy Saving of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus With Existing Components

“…GA) and ECMS[20]. L. N.Azad et al proposed a method based on Chaos oscillator differential search algorithm and Pontryagin's MinimumPrinciple (PMP)[21].…”