Optimum dietary sources and levels of selenium improve growth, antioxidant status, and disease resistance: re-evaluation in a farmed fish species, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Selenium-Enriched Spirulina (SeE-SP) Enhance Antioxidant Response, Immunity, and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Asian Seabass, Lates calcarifer

“…The therapeutic potential of garlic as a dietary supplement is reported to reduce the mortality of L. calcarifer after being challenged with V. harveyi [ 62 ]. Similarly, a number of studies utilizing spirulina and/or selenium have beem shown to enhance disease resistance against pathogenic bacteria in fish [ 63 , 64 , 65 ]. It has been reported that spirulina inclusion at an optimum level limits the growth of opportunistic pathogens by giving critical nutrients to the fish [ 17 ].…”

Metal–amino acid complexes (Zn, Se, Cu, Fe, and Mn) enhance immune response, antioxidant capacity, liver function enzymes, and expression of cytokine genes in Nile Tilapia reared under field conditions

“…In the present study, supplemental MAACs above the 50% level caused significant retardation in immune and antioxidant activities. These toxic effects may have been due to the production of surplus free radicals at high dietary Se concentrations, which damage cellular membrane components and reduce the expression of growth‐related genes (El‐Sayed and Izquierdo 2021; Wangkahart et al 2022). Excess supplemental Fe at the 75% and 100% MAAC levels may have also catalyzed the generation of cellular free radicals, which can lead to severe damage of body cells and cellular macromolecules (Gkouvatsos et al 2012).…”

The Effect of the Nutritional Value Enhancing of the Diet Provided to Common Carp Cyprinus carpio L. by Adding Organic Selenium and Vitamin E on Growth Parameters and Food Utilization

“…Argyrosomus regius [29], Megalobrama amblycephala [30], Lates calcarifer [31], angasinodon hypophthalmus [32], and Acanthopagrus schlegelii [33]. While Wangkahart et al [10], did not obtain significant differences in growth parameters when adding 3 and 5 mg/kg of organic selenium as selenomethionine in common carp, Pacitti et al [34], in striped salmon when using organic selenium at 1.5 and 8.9 mg/kg.…”

“…This leads to the deterioration of the fish environment in terms of lack of oxygen and deterioration of water quality and this naturally results in stress and a decrease in the ability of fish to resist these unnatural IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1158/5/052002 2 environmental conditions, consequently leads to an increase in the spread of diseases, negatively affecting on the growth of fish [5], causing fish to be exposed to oxidative stress [6]. In order to prevent overusing antibiotics, research has focuses on the use of healthy food additives such cinnamon and probiotics to stimulate growth while also having a good impact on fish health and the aquatic environment [7,8], garlic powder for fish [9], trace elements as selenium [10], which is utilized by the organism in both organic and inorganic forms, and levels of antioxidants [11]. Selenium is one of the trace elements necessary to improve the performance and health of fish through its entry into the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes and thyroid hormones [12], and the formation of selenoproteins, most notably glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and Iodothyronine deiodinase enzymes (ID), Selenophosphate Synthetase (SPS) and Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR) [13].…”