Optimum sizing of offshore wind farm export cables

Pérez-Rúa, Juan-Andrés; Das, Kaushik; Cutululis, Nicolaos Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.06.026

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The majority of works examining overplanting result in a one-digit percentage increase of generation capacity, which is comparable to the different cases explored herein. Some of the literature's analyses have been investigating overplanting either considering it isolated from other optimization measures or integrated with other technical or economical considerations like dynamic cable rating, showing that overplanting can be combined with other measures into a more integrated optimization approach (Hernandez-Colin & Pilgrim, 2019;Pérez-Rúa et al, 2019). Others have put more focus on economic characteristics as investors' risk aversion, which is allowing more room for overplanting in order to hedge against project risk (Borràs Mora et al, 2019), not necessarily striving for the case-specific optimal level, but rather as an implicit bonus against the benchmark of no overplanting at all.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last years, the shorter term overplanting has consolidated indicating a greater awareness of this measure of capacity optimization in the offshore wind sector, both in research and as part of national planning procedures. Several works have focused on overplanting linking it to other considerations in wind farm planning like risk aversion (Borràs Mora, Spelling, & van der Weijde, 2019), dynamic cable rating (Hernandez-Colin & Pilgrim, 2019;Pérez-Rúa, Das, & Cutululis, 2019), and being one optimization component of many integrated measures within national long term planning agendas (TKI Wind op Zee, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Overplanting in offshore wind power plants in different regulatory regimes

Wolter

Jacobsen

Zeni

et al. 2020

WIREs Energy & Environment

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The development of offshore wind farms depends on many technical and economic parameters, which requires an integrated planning approach. Some parameters can be controlled by the wind farm developer, and some are determined by the regulatory authorities. Others can be outside control of both. One aspect of optimizing wind farm development is overplanting, which represents the capacity optimization between installed generation capacity and transmission capacity, which allows for a minor share of energy curtailment to increase the overall value of the farm. Quantifying this value also depends on the regulatory framework, which is analyzed here by comparing United Kingdom and Danish conditions. Using a discounted cash flow model, we find that UK conditions are favorable to overplanting from the developer perspective, where the benefit of using the transmission cable more efficiently supports overplanting. In the Danish case, the private‐economic incentive to overplant is minor due to the constraint of linking subsidies to a certain energy output. On the other hand, when the cost of turbines declines relative to transmission system costs, overplanting tends to become more attractive. This is mostly the case when installing wind farms further offshore compared to projects closer to the coast, which has been exerted more and more exerted in the recent years. In a socioeconomic perspective, overplanting is also a viable method to optimize the wind farm technically and economically, if the cost of the additional turbines is less than the value of the additional generation that can be fed into the grid by the transmission line. This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Economics and Policy Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overplanting in offshore wind power plants in different regulatory regimes

Wolter

Jacobsen

Zeni

et al. 2020

WIREs Energy & Environment

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This method comes from a Single-Core Equivalent Thermal Model (SCETM), as generalized in [24] for single-core and three-core cables. It is conservative when applied for OWFs, hence lifetime of the component is within acceptable intervals [25].…”

Section: A Cable Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The series impedance is represented by z t , and the admittance by y t . The maximum power flowing through the arc (i, j), given k turbines connected downstream (y k ij ), is calculated as per (25), accounting for the worst-case scenario, as the current in the arc is strictly increasing with length, and the value I k cij,t is calculated at the extreme of it when using cable t. For the transmission cables, (24) and (25)…”

Section: B Arcs Nominal Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Global Optimization Model for Electrical Cables in Offshore Wind Farms

Pérez-Rúa

Stolpe

Cutululis

2020

IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A MILP program for integrated global optimization of electrical cables systems in Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) is presented. Electrical cables encompass the cable layout in collection systems to interconnect Wind Turbines (WTs), and transmission systems to couple Offshore Substations (OSSs) to the Onshore Connection Point (OCP). The program is solved through a modern branch-and-cut solver, demonstrating the ability to tackle large-scale instances with hundreds of WTs and several OSSs. The model supports as objective function the initial investment plus economic losses due to total electrical power losses. The importance and functionality of incorporating electrical losses is demonstrated, along with the need to simultaneously optimize the cable layout, OSSs location, and transmission cables. The method is tested for three case studies. The results show that (i) points near the global optimum, with an imposed maximum tolerance, are calculable within reasonable computational time and effort, and (ii) the integrated model can be much more efficient than a benchmark approach based on enumeration, i.e., exhaustive evaluation of all possible optimization problems derived from unique OSSs locations.

show abstract

“…These electrical components can be single points of failure, leading to strongly undesired contingencies. 3 Shallow waters, buried depth, seabed terrain movements, 4 electro-thermal stress 5 and harsh accessibility conditions for maintenance and reparation 6 are the differential factors in the context of OWFs. These particular characteristics give rise to higher failure rates of submarine cables compared to those reported by other offshore industries, such as oil and gas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability‐based topology optimization for offshore wind farm collection system

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An optimization framework for global optimization of the cable layout topology for offshore wind farm (OWF) is presented. The framework designs and compares closed-loop and radial layouts for the collection system of OWFs. For the former, a two-stage stochastic optimization program based on a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed, while for the latter, a hop-indexed full binary model is used. The purpose of the framework is to provide a common base for assessing both designs economically, using the same underlying contingency treatment. A discrete Markov model is implemented for calculating the cable failure probability, useful for estimating the time under contingency for multiple power generation scenarios. The objective function supports simultaneous optimization of (i) initial investment (network topology and cable sizing), (ii) total electrical power loss costs and (iii) operation costs due to energy curtailment from cable failures. Constraints are added accounting for common engineering aspects. The applicability of the full method is demonstrated by tackling three differently sized real-world OWFs. Resultsshow that (i) the profitability of either topology type depends strongly on the project size and wind turbine rating. Closed loop may be a competitive solution for largescale projects where large amounts of energy are potentially curtailed. (ii) The stochastic model presents low tractability to tackle large-scale instances, increasing the required computing time and memory resources. (iii) Strategies must be adopted in order to apply stochastic optimization for modern OWFs, intending analytically or numerically simplification of mathematical models.

show abstract

Optimum sizing of offshore wind farm export cables

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Overplanting in offshore wind power plants in different regulatory regimes

Overplanting in offshore wind power plants in different regulatory regimes

Integrated Global Optimization Model for Electrical Cables in Offshore Wind Farms

Reliability‐based topology optimization for offshore wind farm collection system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About