A chemically stable
and thermally stable luminescent Cd(II)-based
metal–organic framework (MOF), [Cd3(DBPT)2(H2O)4]·5H2O (1), featuring an open Lewis basic triazolyl active site in
the host, was successfully assembled by using the multifunctional
ligand of 3-(3,5-dicarboxylphenyl)-5-(4-carboxylphenyl)-1-H-1,2,4-triazole (H3DBPT) to bridge hexanuclear
{Cd6} clusters. The host material exhibits ligand-based
photoluminescence and solvent-dependent fluorescent intensities, which
could selectively detect nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol
(TNP) and 4-nitroaniline (4-NA). The most striking property of 1 is the remarkable sensitivity and selectivity toward TNP
and 4-NA even in the presence of other NACs of nitrobenzene (NB),
which can be attributed to a photoinduced electron transfer mechanism
and resonance energy transfer mechanism. Their photoluminescence quenching
could be detected at very low concentrations of 1.14 and 0.70 ppm,
respectively, and the maximum quenching efficiencies were found to
be 98% and 95%, respectively, at 0.08 mM. Significantly, compound 1 also exhibits excellent sensing performance toward nitroimidazole-based
drug molecules of ornidazole (ONZ), metronidazoles (MNZ), dimetridazole
(DMZ), and 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (2-M-5-MZ), which represents
one of the rare MOFs-based fluorescent sensors for simultaneous selective
detecting drug molecules and NACs. Their photoluminescence quenching
efficiencies increase drastically with the analyte amount even in
the low concentration range (<0.15 mM) and reach nearly complete
quenching (>95%). The remarkable chemical stability and the unusual
sensing performance make this Cd-based MOF a promising multiresponsive
sensory material for chemical sensing of NACs and nitroimidazole-based
drugs.