Oral Bacterial Signatures in Cerebral Thrombi of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Thrombectomy

Abstract

Background Chronic infections have been reported to be risk factors for both coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. DNA of oral bacteria, mainly from the viridans streptococci group, has been detected in coronary thrombus aspirates of myocardial infarction and cerebral aneurysms. Viridans streptococci are known to cause infective endocarditis and possess thrombogenic properties. We studied the presence of oral bacterial DNA in thrombus aspirates of patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Methods and Results Thrombus aspirates and arterial blood were taken from 75 patients (69% men; mean age, 67 years) with acute ischemic stroke. The presence of Streptococcus species, mainly the Streptococcus mitis group, belonging to viridans streptococci as well as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in samples were determined using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction with specific primers and probes. The relative amount of bacterial DNA in a sample was determined with the comparative threshold cycle method. Bacterial DNA was detected in 84% (n=63) of aspired thrombi, and 16% (n=12) of samples were considered bacterial DNA negative. DNA of Streptococcus species, mainly the S mitis group, was found in 79% (n=59) of samples. The median relative amount of Streptococcus species DNA was 5.10‐fold higher compared with the control blood samples from the same patients. All thrombi were negative for both P gingivalis and A actinomycetemcomitans . Conclusions This is the first study showing the common presence of bacterial DNA from viridans streptococci in aspired thrombi of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Streptococcal bacteria, mostly of oral origin, may contribute to the progression and thrombotic events of cerebrovascular diseases.

Gut microbiota from mice with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury affects the brain in healthy mice

“…One of the different families between the two groups was Prevotellaceae , which was also decreased in an experimental stroke model and correlated with the extent of brain injury [ 47 ]. The relative abundance of Enterococcus and Streptococcus was also affected by cerebral ischemic stroke [ 48 , 49 ]. Besides, we found that Pasteurella, Peptococcus, and Caproiciproducens were enriched in mice BCCAO ; this was not reported before.…”

Acidente vascular cerebral associado à infecção odontogênica grave em paciente geriátrico – relato de caso

“…Um importante estudo (Olli et al, 2019) demonstrou um resultado muito importante, onde os pesquisadores encontraram traços de DNA de bactérias orais após analisar amostras de coágulos de 75 pacientes vitimas de AVC. Após remover os coágulos dos pacientes, amostras foram analisadas e foi descoberto que 79% dos coágulos tinham traços de bactérias orais.…”

“…Após remover os coágulos dos pacientes, amostras foram analisadas e foi descoberto que 79% dos coágulos tinham traços de bactérias orais. Ainda segundo esse estudo, existem evidências de que as bactérias orais podem estimular células endoteliais a produzir citocinas pró-inflamatórias e também ativar diretamente as plaquetas sanguínas, chegando a conclusão de que existe uma relação entre bactérias orais e acidente vascular cerebral (Olli et al, 2019).…”

“…Os principais fatores que levam a esse quadro são hipertensão, diabetes mellitus, tabagismo, hiperlipidemia, obesidade, dieta e sedentarismo (Guzik et al, 2017). Recentemente, foi descoberto que infecções bacterianas favorecem o desenvolvimento de aterosclerose, podendo resultar em um AVC (Olli et al, 2019).…”

<p>Microbial Modulation of Coagulation Disorders in Venous Thromboembolism</p>

“…It was found that a small amount of LPS significantly affects fibrinogen and the coagulation process, which may indicate the involvement of a very small number of inactive bacteria in inducing inflammation and disease progression. 7 As the studies of Patrakka et al 8 show, streptococci participate in infective endocarditis and have thrombotic properties. An important evidence for bacteria association with these diseases was the detection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the coronary thrombosis aspirates of myocardial infarction and cerebral aneurysms.…”