Oral Cancer Senario in Multiple Centers of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract

Oral cancer is one of the common cancers worldwide and in Bangladesh around 7000 cases are diagnosed yearly. It has variable demographics and patient comes to hospital with different presentations. It is mandatory to know the characteristics of the disease so that better awareness and different treatment modalities can be planned. 162 patients with histopathological diagnosis of oral cancer was include in study by consecutive sampling and characteristics of disease was recorded in scientific data collection sheet which was later analyzed by SPSS and result was presented in table, graph and chart form. Incidence of oral cancer is 56.2% in female, in 59.9% cases buccal mucosa is involved in which 90.1% is squamous cell carcinoma. In Conclusion squamous cell carcinoma is most common oral cancer mainly occurs in buccal mucosa of female, in grade I and stage iii majority of patient present in tertiary centers of Dhaka senari.

Clinical Profile and Management of Oral Cancer Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

“…(5) In our study period from January 2017 to December 2020, we observed female predominance which is similar to studies conducted in India and Turkey (8) (12,13). Buccal mucosa (44%) was the most common site followed by lower gingivo-buccal sulcus (21%) in this study which is similar to a study conducted by Rahman et al, and also some Indian and Sri-Lankan Studies (6,1,10,14) This is due to the fact that most of the patients keep tobacco in the form of quid in the buccal sulcus. It is also a true fact for Bangladesh that tobacco and its related products are available at an affordable cost making it a habit for many rural people.…”

“…These two divisions are densely populated and people move here from other locations for job and business purposes. We found oral squamous cell carcinoma, salivary gland malignancy, verrucous carcinoma, and malignant melanoma with other non-squamous cell carcinoma cases 88%, 4%, and 8% respectively, which is similar to a study conducted by Anis and Gaballah (6) Among the preoperative patients, only 29% were operable and 71% were inoperable. This is due to the late presentation of diseases with massive involvement of hard and soft tissues.…”

“…Regarding clinical stage of lesion, 63% patients presented with stage IV and 31% patients presented with stage III lesions which indicate that they present in our department in a very advanced condition. One study conducted in different center of Bangladesh found that 50% patients presented in the early stage (Stage I and stage II) which is dissimilar to our finding (6). The reasons for this late presentation include lack of knowledge about the disease, economic crisis, inadequate knowledge about the treatment, absence of proper support from family, availability of diagnostic and treatment facilities, lack of awareness, and scarcity of trained work forces(8,15).…”

“…According to Globocan 2020 prediction, the incidence rate of lip & oral cavity cancer in Bangladesh in 2020 was 8.9% and it was 3 rd and 5 th most common cancer for male and female respectively (5). In Bangladesh, more than 7000 new Oral cancer cases are diagnosed every year with a mortality rate of 8.3% and 4.3% in male and Female respectively (6). The National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital (NICRH) Website: https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/UpDCJ is a specialized Hospital for cancer patient care.…”