Oral Health Status of Children with Autism in Central Italy

Bossù, Maurizio; Trottini, Mario; Corridore, Denise; Giorgio, Gianni Di; Sfasciotti, Gian Luca; Palaia, Gaspare; Ottolenghi, Livia; Polimeni, Antonella; Carlo, Stefano Di

doi:10.3390/app10072247

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…After removing duplicates ( n = 213), 197 were excluded after revising the title and/or abstract. From the overall 27 entries included for full article review eligibility, two were performed in adult populations [ 19 , 20 ], eleven did not report any type of malocclusion [ 5 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], and two had no ASD group of patients [ 9 , 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Malocclusions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Barros

Mascarenhas

Botelho

et al. 2022

JCM

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Studies heretofore have shown inconsistent results on the link of ASD to malocclusion. Herein, we aimed to compare the prevalence of malocclusion among children and adolescents with ASD compared with non-ASD healthy counterparts through a systematic review. The electronic search focused on five databases, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS, and OpenGrey until January 2022, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO No. CRD42022298023). Observational and intervention studies that compared occlusion characteristics of ASD individuals under 18 years old with healthy controls were included. Pairwise random effects meta-analyses of odds ratio (OR) were performed. Methodological quality was assessed by using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for cross-sectional studies. A total of thirteen studies were included for qualitative analysis, and seven for quantitative analysis. The results presented a great heterogeneity and moderate risk of bias; thus, it was not possible to state that there is a risk of malocclusion in individuals with ASD. Future studies should be carried out with strict criteria in the choice of samples, control group, and diagnosis of malocclusion in order to meet the necessary requirements for greater methodological quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Malocclusions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Barros

Mascarenhas

Botelho

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…They also declared that, although they were informed that it is not a healthy tic, cheek and lip biting is most of the time done consciously, to create a pleasant feeling of relaxation when having a depressed or anxious moment. For them, it is an already usual behavior that brings mental comfort, although often these injuries give them discomfort when eating hot or acidic foods [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Pathological Manifestation of the Oral Mucosa in Institutionalized Children from Romania

Stoica

Kovacs-Ivacson²,

Stoica³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Institutionalized children, regardless of their age, are prone to psychiatric disorders, compared to those who live in two-parent families, due to the unfavorable physical and psychological conditions in which they develop. Unpropitious psychological conditions affect the child’s general health and induce local manifestations that can be found in the oral cavity, affecting both soft tissues and teeth. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to assess and diagnose a series of pathological manifestations of the oral mucosa associated with poor living conditions or closely related to psychological stress. The clinical examination was performed by 4 specialist dentists, who consulted 150 children representing the study group and 52 children representing the control group, all having ages between 14 and 18 years old and meeting the same inclusion criteria. From the control group, 62.5% presented plaque-induced gingivitis (26.6% girls, 35.8% boys), 26.6% presented mucosal lesions produced by lip and cheek biting (23.3% girls, 35.8% boys), and 11.7% presented geographic tongue (6.6% girls, 5% boys), herpes simplex eruptions (3.3% girls, 4.2% boys) and oral ulcerations (12.5% girls, 10.8% boys). Morsicatio buccarul is a chronic, self-mutilating habit, currently becoming one of the most common tics encountered among institutionalized children. Furthermore, these children do not benefit from constant support and guidance to perform their dental hygiene, so the incidence of gingivitis induced by bacterial plaque and calculus is very high.

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“…Bossu et al . [ 14 ] in their study on evaluation of oral health and Central Italian children suffering from autism. The sample size was 229 affected children falling within age range of 5 to 14 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental perception of oral health-related quality of life in children with autism. An observational study

Prakash

Das

Bindal

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Background: Autism is reportedly the most severe neuropsychiatric disorder affecting children. Autistic subjects can be characterized by impairments in social interactive behavior along with restricted interests and quite frequently, are seen exhibiting repetitive behavior patterns in stereotyped manner. The inability to perform routine tasks can widely impact the oral health and also, the constant care and sense of helplessness might drastically affect quality of life. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the oral health status and perceptions regarding an autistic child's oral health among parents. Materials and Methods: Parental perception regarding the quality of life among the afflicted autistic children was done using a self-assessment questionnaire that included eight questions which were replied to in an affirmation or negative answer. 300 parents of autism affected children formed the study participants. Recorded responses were evaluated and percentage of each response was derived. Oral health status was measured by determination of dental caries prevalence and OHI-S index using chair light illumination, mouth mirror, diagnostic probe and a standard WHO periodontal probe. For statistical analysis, the calculations were performed by using the paired t test. Statistical significance, which was fixed at P < 0.05, which is statistically significant. Results: Approximately 18.33% of parents showed were aware that oral health can influence general health; 15% did have exhibit awareness. 15% of parents did not consider that primary teeth were important; 59.1% visited any dentist only when suffering from pain; 5% went for an annual dental examination; 15% and 24.6% parents visited dental practitioners at intervals of 3 and 6 months, respectively. 30%, 25% and 51.66% parents considered obtaining consultation and getting treatment from pediatric dentist; general dentist and general physician. 41.6% parents had taken their children for restorations. 52% reported constant stress whereas 48% reported with constant distressed emotions. No significant difference was determined between the parameters. 75% of autistic children suffered from dental caries whereas oral hygiene scores demonstrated high mean value of 4. Conclusion: Autism is a severely distressing condition wherein oral health along with general physical health is affected. Since parents are directly involved in upbringing of these individuals, they also subsequently show a reduction in quality of life.

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Oral Health Status of Children with Autism in Central Italy

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Malocclusions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Autism Spectrum Disorders and Malocclusions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

Clinical and Pathological Manifestation of the Oral Mucosa in Institutionalized Children from Romania

Parental perception of oral health-related quality of life in children with autism. An observational study

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