Oral Ingestion of Deep Ocean Minerals Increases High-Intensity Intermittent Running Capacity in Soccer Players after Short-Term Post-Exercise Recovery: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial

Higgins, Matthew F.; Rudkin, Benjamin; Kuo, Chia‐Hua

doi:10.3390/md17050309

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…All of the experimental groups performed an adequate hydration pattern as denoted by unchanged post-exercise weight [ 26 ]. This is in line with a study showing similar post-exercise weight between SW and placebo following 60 min of running at 75% of VO 2 max [ 27 ]. Therefore, it makes sense that when compared with other hydration procedures the results presented here and those reported by others [ 6 , 7 , 9 ] show no ergogenic effects of SW. Additionally, we show that SW hydration does not alter lactate concentration following a triathlon.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seawater Hydration Modulates IL-6 and Apelin Production during Triathlon Events: A Crossover Randomized Study

Acevedo

Aragón‐Vela

Márquez

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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A triathlon is an endurance event in which athletes need an efficient hydration strategy since hydration is restricted at different stages. However, it seems that seawater intake can be a suitable hydration alternative for this type of endurance event. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of seawater hydration during a triathlon on cytokine production. Fifteen trained male triathletes (age = 38.8 ± 5.62 years old; BMI = 22.58 ± 2.51 kg/m2) randomly performed three triathlons, one of them consuming seawater (Totum SPORT, Laboratories Quinton International, S.L., Valencia, Spain), the other one consuming tap water ad libitum, and the last a physiologic saline solution as placebo. The triathlon consisted of an 800 m swim, a 90 km bike ride, and a 10 km run. Blood samples were taken at rest and after training, where markers of inflammation, hemoglobin, and hematocrit concentration were assessed. While the seawater was not ergogenic, it significantly increased the release of IL-6 and apelin post-exercise. However, no differences were found between the fractalkine, IL-15, EPO, osteonectin, myostatin, oncostatin, irisin, FSTL1, osteocrin, BDNF, and FGF-21 values over those of the placebo group. The present study demonstrates that hydration with seawater stimulates myokine production, which could lead to improved performance recovery after exercise.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seawater Hydration Modulates IL-6 and Apelin Production during Triathlon Events: A Crossover Randomized Study

Acevedo

Aragón‐Vela

Márquez

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Comparatively to placebo, DOM increased the ability to run at high intensity by 25%. In terms of blood lactate concentration, blood glucose concentration, or urine osmolality, there were no differences between DOM and placebo [ 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of improving capacity are questionable. This is because, according to Higgins et al, only 4 of the 9 subjects improved their capacity with the consumption of DSW [ 35 ]. Two of them showed results that were double what they were compared to the placebo, which does not seem very convincing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological Benefits and Performance of Sea Water Ingestion for Athletes in Endurance Events: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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In different endurance events, athletes have limited access to fluid intake, such as ultra-endurance running. For this reason, it is necessary to establish an adequate hydration strategy for this type of long-duration sporting event. Indeed, it seems that the intake of seawater is a suitable hydration alternative to improve post-exercise recovery in this type of endurance event. This seawater is characterized by being a deep natural mineral water of moderate mineralization, which is usually extracted from a depth of about 700 m. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the efficacy of seawater consumption in both performance and post-exercise recovery in long-duration sport events. A systematic and comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science in September 2022. Initially, 8 out of 558 articles met the inclusion criteria. Among these eight studies, six were randomized clinical trials, and two were observational studies (one cross-sectional and one prospective study in well-conditioned student athletes). The results showed that deep sea water consumption accelerated the recovery of aerobic capacity and leg muscle capacity on running performance. In addition, the lactate production after the running exercise in seawater was significantly lower than in pure water. In conclusion, the present review demonstrates that seawater consumption could significantly improve the capacity of recovery after exercise.

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“…In this concern, resistance training (RT) and specific nutritional supplementation (e.g., calcium, vitamin D, creatine, and magnesium) have elicited positive results as non-pharmacological strategies to prevent and treat the abovementioned long-term conditions [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Previous studies have documented the direct benefits of liquid mineral-enriched supplementation, such as seawater (SW) on human health (e.g., immunological and gastrointestinal) [ 15 , 16 , 17 ] and performance [ 18 , 19 ]. SW has been mostly studied in aerobic-based sports, as it is depicted in a recent systematic review [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Microfiltered Seawater Intake and Variable Resistance Training on Strength, Bone Health, Body Composition, and Quality of Life in Older Women: A 32-Week Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Juesas

Gargallo

Gené-Morales

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The aim was to explore the effects of a 32-week resistance training (RT) intervention with elastic bands with or without microfiltered seawater (SW) supplementation on isokinetic strength, bone mineral density (BMD), body composition, and subjective quality of life in postmenopausal women. Ninety-three untrained women (age: 70.00 ± 6.26 years; body mass index: 22.05 ± 3.20 kg/m2; body fat: 37.77 ± 6.38%; 6.66 ± 1.01 s up-and-go test) voluntarily participated in this randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. Participants were allocated into four groups (RT+SW, RT+PLA, CON+SW, and CON+PLA). The RT intervention (twice weekly) consisted of different exercises for the whole body performed at submaximal intensities with elastic bands. Both control groups were not involved in any exercise program. A two-way mixed analysis of variance of repeated measures revealed significant improvements in almost all the variables in both intervention groups (p < 0.05). However, significant differences with controls were encountered in isokinetic strength, body fat percentage, and bodily pain. Although the group with SW supplementation obtained greater effect sizes, non-significant differences between both RT groups were observed. In conclusion, the determinant factor of the adaptations seems to be RT rather than SW.

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Oral Ingestion of Deep Ocean Minerals Increases High-Intensity Intermittent Running Capacity in Soccer Players after Short-Term Post-Exercise Recovery: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Seawater Hydration Modulates IL-6 and Apelin Production during Triathlon Events: A Crossover Randomized Study

Seawater Hydration Modulates IL-6 and Apelin Production during Triathlon Events: A Crossover Randomized Study

Physiological Benefits and Performance of Sea Water Ingestion for Athletes in Endurance Events: A Systematic Review

Effects of Microfiltered Seawater Intake and Variable Resistance Training on Strength, Bone Health, Body Composition, and Quality of Life in Older Women: A 32-Week Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial

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