Oral Lactobacilli and Dental Caries

Caufield, Page W.; Schön, Catherine N.; Saraithong, Prakaimuk; Li, Yihong; Argimón, Silvia

doi:10.1177/0022034515576052

Cited by 221 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The gastro-intestinal canal is heavily colonized, with over 700 bacterial species or unnamed phylotypes in the oral cavity alone [1]. The bacteria form niche-specific ecosystems with patterns of bacterial cohabitation due to influences from factors like transmission, host receptor availability, pH, access of nutrients, oxygen and symbiosis or communication with nearby species [2,3]. Generally, these ecosystems are in equilibrium but shifts may occur due to medical or lifestyle changes [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiota Profile Associates with Sugar Intake and Taste Preference Genes

et al. 2020

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Oral microbiota ecology is influenced by environmental and host conditions, but few studies have evaluated associations between untargeted measures of the entire oral microbiome and potentially relevant environmental and host factors. This study aimed to identify salivary microbiota cluster groups using hierarchical cluster analyses (Wards method) based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, and identify lifestyle and host factors which were associated with these groups. Group members (n = 175) were distinctly separated by microbiota profiles and differed in reported sucrose intake and allelic variation in the taste-preference-associated genes TAS1R1 (rs731024) and GNAT3 (rs2074673). Groups with higher sucrose intake were either characterized by a wide panel of species or phylotypes with fewer aciduric species, or by a narrower profile that included documented aciduric- and caries-associated species. The inferred functional profiles of the latter type were dominated by metabolic pathways associated with the carbohydrate metabolism with enrichment of glycosidase functions. In conclusion, this study supported in vivo associations between sugar intake and oral microbiota ecology, but it also found evidence for a variable microbiota response to sugar, highlighting the importance of modifying host factors and microbes beyond the commonly targeted acidogenic and acid-tolerant species. The results should be confirmed under controlled settings with comprehensive phenotypic and genotypic data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Microbiota Profile Associates with Sugar Intake and Taste Preference Genes

et al. 2020

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“…Mutans streptococci are the major etiologic agent of dental caries 1 and Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola are prime suspects in periodontitis 2 . Furthermore, recent studies that have used open-ended molecular approaches and the 16S rRNA gene have implicated other commensal members with the etiology of each disease, such as lactobacilli for dental caries 3 and as many as 17 species, including Filifactor alosis for periodontitis 4 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial diversity in saliva and oral health-related conditions: the Hisayama Study

Takeshita

Kageyama

Furuta

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

254

252

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This population-based study determined the salivary microbiota composition of 2,343 adult residents of Hisayama town, Japan, using 16S rRNA gene next-generation high-throughput sequencing. Of 550 identified species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs), 72 were common, in ≥75% of all individuals, as well as in ≥75% of the individuals in the lowest quintile of phylogenetic diversity (PD). These "core" OTUs constituted 90.9 ± 6.1% of each microbiome. The relative abundance profiles of 22 of the core OTUs with mean relative abundances ≥1% were stratified into community type I and community type II by partitioning around medoids clustering. Multiple regression analysis revealed that a lower PD was associated with better conditions for oral health, including a lower plaque index, absence of decayed teeth, less gingival bleeding, shallower periodontal pockets and not smoking, and was also associated with tooth loss. By contrast, multiple Poisson regression analysis demonstrated that community type II, as characterized by a higher ratio of the nine dominant core OTUs, including Neisseria flavescens, was implicated in younger age, lower body mass index, fewer teeth with caries experience, and not smoking. Our large-scale data analyses reveal variation in the salivary microbiome among Japanese adults and oral health-related conditions associated with the salivary microbiome.The human oral cavity is colonized by numerous and diverse microorganisms as commensals. These bacteria constitute complex microbial communities on intraoral surfaces, and dental plaque microbiota that form on the teeth are the cause of two major oral diseases, dental caries and periodontitis. Mutans streptococci are the major etiologic agent of dental caries 1 and Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Treponema denticola are prime suspects in periodontitis 2 . Furthermore, recent studies that have used open-ended molecular approaches and the 16S rRNA gene have implicated other commensal members with the etiology of each disease, such as lactobacilli for dental caries 3 and as many as 17 species, including Filifactor alosis for periodontitis 4 .Saliva is a biological fluid secreted from the salivary glands into the oral cavity and contains bacteria shed from adhering microbial communities on various intraoral surfaces, including tooth surfaces, gingival crevices, tongue dorsum, and buccal mucosa. Oral bacteria in a planktonic state (as in saliva) are not generally regarded as direct causal agents of the oral diseases. However, intraoral transmission of pathogenic bacteria is likely to be mediated by bacteria dispersed via saliva 5,6 .The salivary microbiome, which is comprised of indigenous bacteria that are specific to each person, exhibits long-term stability (on the scale of years) [7][8][9][10] . On the other hand, oral disorders alter the structure of the teeth and their surroundings. Along with the loss of teeth, tooth decay and its treatment alter the structure of the tooth surfaces on which bacteria are attached. Gingival crevi...

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“…Indeed, L. plantarum and L. paracasei are among the species found in adult and childhood caries [59]. Various Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Cariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacilli for the Treatment of Oral Diseases

Hoffmann¹,

Daniels²

2017

J Prob Health

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Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that beneficially affect the host. Probiotic bacteria have been used therapeutically for years to target gastrointestinal disease by rebalancing the complex microflora. Besides the gastrointestinal tract also the oral cavity is highly colonized by bacteria and many different bacterial species are part of the microbiota in the mouth, as it offers ideal conditions for bacteria with a stable temperature, moist surface with a relatively stable pH and regular supply of nutrients. By disturbing the balance of microorganisms in the oral cavity or by extensive accumulation of plaque, the ratio of pathogenic organisms can increase and lead to oral health problems. Probiotic bacteria, like lactobacilli, are a promising treatment strategy for oral diseases with a microbiological aetiology. Those include plaqueassociated diseases like dental caries, which is an infectious disease with microbial processes eroding and destroying the hard dental tissue or inflammation of periodontal tissue, namely gingivitis and the more severe periodontitis. Moreover, endodontic infections, and even fungal, viral and acute bacterial infections could be treated by a probiotic therapy. The interest of probiotics in the field of oral health is growing, although it is still in its infancy. The present review adresses criteria for the selection of probiotic lactobacilli strains. It encompasses existing evidence on the use of lactobacilli for caries, halitosis and candidiasis, as well as for periodontal disease like Gingivitis and periodontitis.

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Oral Lactobacilli and Dental Caries

Cited by 221 publications

References 60 publications

Oral Microbiota Profile Associates with Sugar Intake and Taste Preference Genes

Oral Microbiota Profile Associates with Sugar Intake and Taste Preference Genes

Bacterial diversity in saliva and oral health-related conditions: the Hisayama Study

Lactobacilli for the Treatment of Oral Diseases

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