Oral Manifestation and Dental Management of CATCH 22 Syndrome: A Case Report

Abstract

The deletion of chromosome 22q11.2 is described as CATCH 22, Velocardiofacial Syndrome or Di George Syndrome. The acronym of CATCH 22 stands for cardiac defect, abnormal faces, thymic hypoplasia, cleft palate, hypocalcaemia but the acronym does not express all of the symptoms of CATCH 22 syndrome. Some clinical findings of CATCH 22 relate to congenital cardiac defects, velopharyngeal insufficiency with or without cleft palate, immune problems, feeding difficulties, hypocalcaemia, learning disabilities, behavioral abnormalities and lastly characteristic facial features. A treatment protocol of a 7-year-old child with CATCH 22 syndrome who also has dental caries complaint, toothache has been presented. Dental caries treatment and prophylactic application have been done for the patient. As a result, this study basically depicts how a dental approach can be followed for those patients who have CATCH 22 syndrome.

Dental treatment need and dental general anesthetics among preschool‐age children with cleft lip and palate in northern Finland

“…It is presumed that the reason for this is a heightened concern by the parents for the child's dental health, with a lower threshold for taking the child for dental care (22). In contrast, CATCH 22 patients have been found to have a negative attitude towards oral hygiene, which adds to their potential dental-caries risk in this unique group of patients (23). The present study investigated the number of dental treatments required under general anesthesia in cleft patients in northern Finland.…”

Oral manifestations of primary immunodeficiencies

“…При данном синдроме описаны гипотонус орофациальной мускулатуры, а также нарушение потока слюны. Учитывая известный патогенез синдрома, можно предположить, что обнаруживаемый при синдроме Ди Джорджи дефект ýмали связан с гипокальциемией и может приводить к более высокой частоте кариеса [8] [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Дефицит STIM1 и дефицит ORAI1 -комбинированные иммунодефициты, приводящие к нарушению активации кальциевых каналов не только в клетках мускулатуры, но и в иммунных клетках, вследствие чего активация лимфоцитов и нормальное функционирование иммунной системы затруднены.…”