Oral neural tumors: Clinicopathologic analysis of 157 cases and review of the literature

Abstract

BackgroundOral neural tumors (ONTs) are rare lesions and represent reactive or neoplastic proliferations of nerve sheath cells. The purpose of the present study is to report the clinical, demographic and histopathologic features of 157 ONTs diagnosed in a single Oral Pathology Department and review the pertinent literature.Material and Methods157 cases of ONTs diagnosed during a 44-year period were retrospectively collected and the diagnosis was reconfirmed by studying representative haematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sections. The patients’ gender and age, as well as the main clinical features of the lesions, were retrieved from the biopsy submission forms.ResultsThe 157 ONTs represented approximately 0.4% of 35,590 biopsies accessioned during the study period. They affected 71 male and 86 female patients with a mean age of 38.4±18.8 years. They mainly appeared as asymptomatic nodules of normal or white colour on the tongue, lip mucosa and hard palate. The most common ONT was granular cell tumour (38.9%) followed by neurofibroma (19.7%), schwannoma (15.9%), traumatic neuroma (15.9%), palisaded encapsulated neuroma (8.3%) and nerve sheath myxoma (1.3%).ConclusionsThis study confirmed the rarity of ONTs. Their clinical characteristics mimic other oral lesions; thus, microscopic examination is the only mean to arrive at a definitive diagnosis. Key words:Oral neural tumors; oral neural neoplasms; neurofibroma; oral neurofibroma; schwannoma; oral schwannoma; neurilemmoma; oral neurilemmoma; granular cell tumor; oral granular cell tumor; traumatic neuroma; oral traumatic neuroma; palisaded encapsulated neuroma; oral palisaded encapsulated neuroma.

Benign connective and soft‐tissue neoplasms of the oral and maxillofacial region: Cross‐sectional study of 1066 histopathological specimens

“…20 In this survey, as in the study by Alotaiby et al, 6 neurofibroma was the most frequent neural tumor. Conversely, Tamiolakis et al 39 reported granular cell tumor to be the most common neoplasm. Neural neoplasms can occasionally arise as intraosseous lesions.…”

Tumor de células granulares: relato de caso

“…Microscopicamente o TCG é pouco circunscrito e é constituído por células fusiformes, ovais com abundante citoplasma granular eosinofílico pálido e núcleo vesicular pequeno (Tamiolakis, Chrysomali, Sklavounou-Andrikopoulou, & Nikitakis, 2019). Usualmente as células são arranjadas em camadas, mas também podem ser encontradas em cordões e ninhos.…”

“…As células granulares parecem envolver ou substituir as fibras musculares (Tamiolakis et al, 2019). Além disso, a presença da hiperplasia pseudoepiteliomatosa que pode acometer 1/3 dos casos, pode induzir ao diagnóstico erróneo de carcinoma de células escamosas bem diferenciado (Alotaiby et al, 2019;Mendoza et al, 2020;Tamiolakis et al, 2019).…”

“…Apesar da clássica positividade para a proteína S-100, a imunohistoquímica não é mandatória, pois os achados histopatológicos são suficientes (Tamiolakis et al, 2019). No nosso caso, não houve presença de hiperplasia pseudoepiteliomatosa, entretanto células ovoides com citoplasma granular, núcleos pequenos e arredondados foram observados o que favoreceu ao diagnóstico de tumor de células granulares.…”

Solitary mucosal neuroma in the maxillary incisor gingival papilla without multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN 2B): a case report and literature review

“…Because it has no tumor biological characteristics and structure, it is a non-genuine tumor, but it is easy to relapse after resection [18]. Solitary circumscribed neuromas (SCN), also known as Palisaded encapsulated neuroma (PEN), was rst reported in 1972 by Reed et al [19], The oral cavity is the second most frequent location for SCN after the skin, and it most often appears as painless super cial nodule same as MN [20].…”