Oral Receptivity ofAedes aegyptifrom Cape Verde for Yellow Fever, Dengue, and Chikungunya Viruses

Abstract

At the end of 2009, 21,313 cases of dengue-3 virus (DENV-3) were reported in the islands of Cape Verde, an archipelago located in the Atlantic Ocean 570 km from the coast of western Africa. It was the first dengue outbreak ever reported in Cape Verde. Mosquitoes collected in July 2010 in the city of Praia, on the island of Santiago, were identified morphologically as Aedes aegypti formosus. Using experimental oral infections, we found that this vector showed a moderate ability to transmit the epidemic dengue-3 virus, but was highly susceptible to chikungunya and yellow fever viruses.

Vector Competence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes vittatus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Senegal and Cape Verde Archipelago for West African Lineages of Chikungunya Virus

“…This strain was the only one potentially transmitted at 5 dpi with rates ranging from 33% to 100%. The same trend was shown in a previous study 26 ; Cape Verde Ae. aegypti dissemination rates of an ECSA CHIKV strain were 91-100% depending on the EIP.…”

“…aegypti populations from Cape Verde, the CHIKV isolate used was from La Réunion Island, including A226V substitution in the envelope protein E1. 26 For mosquito populations from Senegal, despite their frequent associations with CHIKV in nature, vector competence studies have never been reported.…”

“…The use of the CHIKV variant E1-226V may explain the high infection obtained in previous studies that tested populations Table 3 Infection, dissemination, and transmission of mosquito species orally exposed to different CHIKV strains at 5, 10, and 15 days post-infection Mosquito species of Ae. aegypti from Cape Verde, 26 and central Africa. 39 The three strains used in this study all had the Ae.…”

“…aegypti populations from Cape Verde was performed by using the A226V variant of CHIKV from La Ré union Island. 26 However the competence of the urban Ae. aegypti from Cape Verde to transmit West African CHIKV strains, which are most likely to be imported, has never been investigated.…”

The role of Culex pipiens mosquitoes in transmission of West Nile virus in Europe

“…The salivary gland lobes are surrounded by the salivary gland basal lamina, which forms a physical barrier to virus infection of the salivary gland epithelial cells (da Cunha Sais et al 2003, Franz et al 2015, Romoser et al 2005. Although less profound than the midgut barrier, the presence of a salivary gland entry barrier has been reported for several flaviviruses in both Aedes and Culex mosquitoes , Turell et al 2006, Vazeille et al 2013. Both the mechanical and the molecular nature of the salivary gland infection and escape barriers have not completely been defined.…”