Oral state of children with epilepsy on treatment with sodium valproate

Eeg‐Olofsson, Orvar; Lundström, Åsa; Hamp, Sven‐Erik

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.1983.tb00805.x

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…31 The sizes of the series can also create a difference: unlike ours, both previous studies included small numbers of patients. 17,21 Toothbrushing was more frequent in the control group than in the treated groups and in the valproate group than in the nonvalproate group. We found a higher prevalence of gingival enlargement and higher scores of gingival index, plaque index, and probing depth values in the treatment groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gingival Enlargement in Children Treated With Antiepileptics

2004

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This study was conducted to determine the occurrence, severity, and risk factors of gingival enlargement in children treated with valproate and other nonvalproate antiepileptic drugs. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which data obtained from 68 epileptic children under treatment were compared with those from 50 controls. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on patients' demographics, dental and oral hygiene practices, and medication history. Gingival enlargement, gingival index, plaque index, and probing depth were measured to assess periodontal health. The chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used in statistical analysis. In case of significance, a detailed chi-square analysis was carried out to determine the origin of the difference. Patients in both the valproate and nonvalproate groups showed significantly higher gingival enlargement, gingival index, plaque scores, and pocketing (P < .001 and P < .01, respectively) than the control group. In the valproate group, the duration of the treatment had a significant effect on gingival enlargement (P < .001) but not on gingival index, plaque index, and probing depth values (P > .05). Toothbrushing was most frequent in the control group (P = .000) and more frequent in the valproate group than the nonvalproate group (P = .024). Our study showed significant differences regarding gingival enlargement in children treated with valproate. These findings illustrate that epileptic children on valproate are at risk of periodontal problems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gingival Enlargement in Children Treated With Antiepileptics

2004

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“…No differences in caries prevalence, oral hygiene state, salivary secretion rate, salivary buffer capacity, and lactobacillus count was found. 39 Further investigations are warranted aiming to understand the possible relationship between caries experience and epilepsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caries is Associated with Asthma and Epilepsy

2009

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ObjectivesThere is evidence of association between systemic diseases and oral conditions, although it is not clear if these are direct or mediated by underlying factors such as health behaviors. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether self-reported systemic diseases were associated with caries experience.MethodsMedical history data and caries experience (DMFT and DMFS; Decayed, Missing due to caries, Filled Teeth/Surface) were obtained from the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine Dental Registry and DNA Repository. Information on 318 subjects (175 females and 143 males) was evaluated. Regression analysis was used to test for association between caries experience and disease status.ResultsThe stronger associations were found between caries experience and asthma and epilepsy. With respect to asthma, DMFT above 15 (R2 = 0.04) and DMFS above 50 (R2 = 0.02) were associated. After controlling for gender differences in asthma, the associations remained strong (R2 = 0.05 for both DMFT and DMFS). For epilepsy, DMFT above 15 (R2 = 0.18) and DMFS above 50 (R2 = 0.14) were associated.ConclusionsAsthma and epilepsy are associated with higher caries experience.

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“…Furthermore, it has been shown that long-term use of phenytoin may induce a decrease in salivary and serum levels of IgA, suggesting that this drug may affect the oral defence system (4). On the other hand, the anti-epileptic drugs valproate or carbamazepine do not seem to exert adverse oral side effects, since no differences in periodontal health status, caries prevalence, salivary flow rate or salivary buffer capacity couid be demonstrated in patients on monotherapy with either drug (5,6). However, valproate is known sporadically to have other adverse effects, e.g., pancreatitis (7).…”

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Salivary protein composition in epileptic patients on different medications

Henskens

Strooker

Keijbus

et al. 1996

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Several salivary proteins were assayed in saliva from epileptic patients who were using different anti‐epileptic drugs, viz. phenytoin, valproate and carbamazepine, and were compared with levels in unmedicated healthy control subjects. Flow rate and pH of the patient groups were not different from the controls. In all patient groups the specific amylase activity was increased up to twofold. In the phenytoin group only, the salivary IgA concentration was strongly reduced. Levels of salivary cystatin C were similar among all patient groups studied, and were not different from those of the control group. In contrast, the absolute and relative concentrations of cystatin S were diminished, particularly in patients using either valproate or phenytoin. These data suggest that use of anti‐epileptic drugs over long periods may result in decreased levels of several salivary proteins such as slgA and cystatins. which are involved in the protection of the oral cavity against microbial infections.

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Oral state of children with epilepsy on treatment with sodium valproate

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Gingival Enlargement in Children Treated With Antiepileptics

Gingival Enlargement in Children Treated With Antiepileptics

Caries is Associated with Asthma and Epilepsy

Salivary protein composition in epileptic patients on different medications

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