Oral yeast carriage correlates with presence of oral epithelial dysplasia

Detection ofCandida albicansmRNA in Archival Histopathology Samples by Reverse Transcription-PCR

“…The epithelium may also show features of dysplasia and have the potential to progress to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC) (1,19). Levels of oral carriage of C. albicans have recently been shown to be significantly higher in patients presenting with epithelial dysplasia or OSSC (13) and to be associated with potentially precancerous oral leukoplakia lesions (15). No evidence has been reported, however, for the increased prevalence of OSSC in patients diagnosed with other manifestations of candidiasis, such as PC and denture stomatitis, leaving any potential role for candidiasis in OSSC oncogenesis as yet unclear.…”

A Candid Assessment of the Link between Oral <i>Candida</i> Containing Biofilms and Oral Cancer

“…Firstly, Nagy et al in 1998 found an increase in frequency of C. albicans in biofilms of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumour sites [14]. Secondly, McCullough et al in 2002 proposed that oral yeast carriage was correlated with both existence and severity of oral epithelial dysplastic and neoplastic development [15]. In addition to these two studies, Sanjaya et al, Alnuami et al, Arzmi et al, Norgaard et al, Rodriguez et al, found a strong relationship between the presence of C. albicans in the oral cavity and the malignancy of precancerous lesions [6] [17]- [19].…”

“…as a non-dependent risk factor for the development of oral carcinoma [15] [21] [22]. The exact involvement of other factors contributing to the initiation of carcinogenesis with Candida spp.…”

Etiology of oral cancer revisited

“…A recent study proposes significant association between epithelial dysplasia, oral cancer, and yeast carriage. [11] Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis may progress to dysplastic lesion in about 15% of the cases and 10% of these develop oral cancer. [12] Therefore, recalcitrant lesions should be closely monitored.…”