Orbital, tectonic and oceanographic controls on Pliocene climate and atmospheric circulation in Arctic Norway

Panitz, Sina; Salzmann, Ulrich; Risebrobakken, Bjørg; Schepper, Stijn De; Pound, Matthew J.; Haywood, Alan M.; Dolan, Aisling M.; Lunt, Daniel J.

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2017.12.022

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Fluctuations in the strength and position of the North Atlantic Current during the Pliocene are certainly recognized from proxy evidence, and episodes of reduced oceanic heat supply could correspond to the Luchtbal and Oorderen intervals (e.g. Bachem et al, 2017;Panitz et al, 2018). For the latter (i.e.…”

Section: Implications Of Temperature Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sclerochronological evidence of pronounced seasonality from the late Pliocene of the southern North Sea basin and its implications

Johnson

Valentine

Schöne³

et al. 2022

Clim. Past

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Abstract. Oxygen isotope (δ18O) sclerochronology of benthic marine molluscs provides a means of reconstructing the seasonal range in seafloor temperature, subject to use of an appropriate equation relating shell δ18O to temperature and water δ18O, a reasonably accurate estimation of water δ18O, and due consideration of growth-rate effects. Taking these factors into account, δ18O data from late Pliocene bivalves of the southern North Sea basin (Belgium and the Netherlands) indicate a seasonal seafloor range a little smaller than now in the area. Microgrowth-increment data from Aequipecten opercularis, together with the species composition of the bivalve assemblage and aspects of preservation, suggest a setting below the summer thermocline for all but the latest material investigated. This implies a higher summer temperature at the surface than on the seafloor and consequently a greater seasonal range. A reasonable (3 ∘C) estimate of the difference between maximum seafloor and surface temperature under circumstances of summer stratification points to seasonal surface ranges in excess of the present value (12.4 ∘C nearby). Using a model-derived estimate of water δ18O (0.0 ‰), summer surface temperature was initially in the cool temperate range (<20 ∘C) and then (during the Mid-Piacenzian Warm Period; MPWP) increased into the warm temperate range (>20 ∘C) before reverting to cool temperate values (in conjunction with shallowing and a loss of summer stratification). This pattern is in agreement with biotic-assemblage evidence. Winter temperature was firmly in the cool temperate range (<10 ∘C) throughout, contrary to previous interpretations. Averaging of summer and winter surface temperatures for the MPWP provides a figure for annual sea surface temperature that is 2–3 ∘C higher than the present value (10.9 ∘C nearby) and in close agreement with a figure obtained by averaging alkenone and TEX86 temperatures for the MPWP from the Netherlands. These proxies, however, respectively, underestimate summer temperature and overestimate winter temperature, giving an incomplete picture of seasonality. A higher annual temperature than now is consistent with the notion of global warmth in the MPWP, but a low winter temperature in the southern North Sea basin suggests regional reduction in oceanic heat supply, contrasting with other interpretations of North Atlantic oceanography during the interval. Carbonate clumped isotope (Δ47) and biomineral unit thermometry offer means of checking the δ18O-based temperatures.

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Section: Implications Of Temperature Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sclerochronological evidence of pronounced seasonality from the late Pliocene of the southern North Sea basin and its implications

Johnson

Valentine

Schöne³

et al. 2022

Clim. Past

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This is further supported by the glaciation of the James Bay Lowland, Canada, after 3.5 Ma (Gao et al, 2012) and the magnetic susceptibility record from ODP Site 882 in the North Pacific (Haug et al, 2005), which shows a severe cooling between 3.5 and 3.35 Ma peaking around 3.41 Ma. In the North Atlantic (IODP Site U1313) and Norwegian Sea (ODP Site 642b) sea-surface temperature (SST) indicate a strong cooling around 3.4 Ma (Bachem et al, 2017;Naafs et al, 2010), which coincides with a decline in forest vegetation in Norway (ODP Site 642b) (Panitz et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls of precipitation and vegetation variability on the NE Tibetan Plateau during the late Pliocene warmth (~3.5–3.0 Ma)

Schwarz

Salzmann

Nie

et al. 2022

Global and Planetary Change

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“…The references to more/less liquid freshwater refer to a relative relation between Pliocene states. 8 Based on data from Panitz et al (2018). See Fig.…”

Section: Nordic Seas Deep Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No information exists from Iceland (Verhoeven et al, 2013). Over Norway, colder air temperature is indicated between 3.43 and 3.23 Ma, mirroring 555 the colder Norwegian Sea SSTs (Table 2) (Panitz et al, 2018), but contrasting the weak warming that from the idealized experiments explains the reconstructed SST phase relation.…”

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confidence: 97%

The role of buoyancy forcing for northern North Atlantic SST variability across multiple time scales

Risebrobakken

Jensen

Langehaug

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Analyses of observational data (from year 1870 AD) show that Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies along the pathway of Atlantic Water transport in the North Atlantic, the Norwegian Sea and the Iceland Sea are in-phase at multidecadal time scales. In-phase SST anomaly relationships are also observed over hundreds of thousands of years during parts of the Pliocene (5.23–5.03, 4.63–4.43 and 4.33–4.03 Ma). However, when investigating CMIP6 SSP126 future scenario runs (next century) and Pliocene reconstructions (5.23–3.13 Ma), three additional phase relations emerge: 1) The Norwegian Sea is out of phase with the North Atlantic and the Iceland Sea (Pliocene; 4.93-4.73 and 3.93–3.63 Ma); 2) The Iceland Sea is out of phase with the North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea (Pliocene; 3.43–3.23 Ma); 3) The North Atlantic is out of phase with the Norwegian and Iceland Seas (future trend). Hence, out of phase relationships seem to be possible in equilibrium climates (Pliocene) as well as in response to transient forcing (CMIP6 SSP 126 low-emission future scenario). Since buoyancy is a key forcing for inflow of Atlantic Water to the Norwegian Sea, we investigate the impacts of buoyancy forcing on the phase relation between SST anomalies in the North Atlantic, Norwegian and Iceland Seas. This is done by performing a range of idealized experiments using the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (MITgcm). Through these idealized experiments we can reproduce three out of four of the documented phase relations: in-phase relationships under weak to intermediate fresh water forcing over the Nordic Seas; the Iceland Sea out of phase with the North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea under weak atmospheric warming over the Nordic Seas; and the North Atlantic out of phase with the Norwegian and Iceland Seas under strong atmospheric warming over the Nordic Seas. We suggest that the unexplained phase relation, when the Norwegian Sea SSTs are out of phase with the North Atlantic and the Iceland Sea, may reflect a response to a weakened Norwegian Atlantic Current compensated by a strong Irminger current, or an expanded East Greenland Current.

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Orbital, tectonic and oceanographic controls on Pliocene climate and atmospheric circulation in Arctic Norway

Cited by 9 publications

References 66 publications

Sclerochronological evidence of pronounced seasonality from the late Pliocene of the southern North Sea basin and its implications

Sclerochronological evidence of pronounced seasonality from the late Pliocene of the southern North Sea basin and its implications

Controls of precipitation and vegetation variability on the NE Tibetan Plateau during the late Pliocene warmth (~3.5–3.0 Ma)

The role of buoyancy forcing for northern North Atlantic SST variability across multiple time scales

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